Soybean production in SEALBA: inoculation, co-inoculation, and starter nitrogen fertilization
Resumo
The grain production area in the Brazilian agricultural region known as SEALBA, especially in Alagoas State, has seen significant growth in recent years. This study aims to contribute to sustainable regional development by evaluating the effects of inoculation, co-inoculation, and the application of starter mineral nitrogen (N), either individually or in combination, on soybean growth and yield. Eight field experiments were conducted from 2018 to 2021 in two municipalities within Alagoas, covering soybean cultivation areas ranging from the first to the fourth year. The experiments followed a randomized complete block design with four replications, employing a factorial arrangement of treatments. The first factor encompassed five levels related to inoculation technologies and N management: 1) Inoculation with Bradyrhizobium; 2) Inoculation with Bradyrhizobium combined with N basal fertilization; 3) Co-inoculation of Bradyrhizobium + Azospirillum; 4) Co-inoculation of Bradyrhizobium + Azospirillum + N fertilization at the base; and 5) Control treatment without microbiological inputs or nitrogen fertilizers. The second factor involved the evaluation of different soybean cultivars, with two materials assessed in 2018 and three cultivars in 2019, 2020, and 2021. Results demonstrated that seed inoculation with Bradyrhizobium led to increased soybean grain yield in first-year cultivation areas. However, N basal fertilization, commonly known as starter fertilization, did not result in yield improvements compared to the use of microbiological inputs alone. Soybean cultivars BRS 9383 IPRO and FTR 3191 IPRO exhibited greater responsiveness to seed inoculation with Bradyrhizobium.
Downloads
Referências
Ambrosini, V. G., Fontoura, S. M. V., Moraes, R. P., Tamagno, S., Ciampitti, I. A., & Bayer, C. (2019). Soybean yield response to Bradyrhizobium strains in fields with inoculation history in Southern Brazil. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 42(16), 1941-1951. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2019.1648680
Aratani, R. C., Lazarini, E., Marques, R. R., & Backes, C. (2008). Nitrogen fertilization in soybean in no tillage system introduction. Bioscience Journal, 24(3), 31-38.
Barbosa, H. M., Alvarez, R. C. A., Lima, S. F., Cordeiro, M. A. S., Zanella, M. S., & Bernardo, V. F. (2023). Bradyrhizobium and Azospirillum co-inoculation associated with cobalt and molybdenum application in the soybean crop. Ciência Rural, 53(7), 1-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20210871
Bernard, R. L., Chamberlain, D. W., & Lawrence, R. D. (1965). Result of the cooperative uniform soybeans tests. Washington, DC: USDA.
Braccini, A. L., Mariucci, G. E. G., Suzukawa, A. K., Lima, L. H. S., & Piccinin, G. G. (2016). Soybean co-inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Azospirillum brasilense and nitrogen fertilization on plant nodulation and crop yield. Scientia Agraria Paranaensis, 15(1), 27-35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18188/1983-1471/sap.v15n1p27-35
Brandão Junior, O., & Hungria, M. (2000). Effects of peat inoculant doses on biological nitrogen fixation by soybean crop. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 24(3), 527-535. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-06832000000300006
Brar, N., & Lawley, Y. (2020). Short-season soybean yield and protein unresponsive to starter nitrogen fertilizer. Agronomy Journal, 112(6), 5012-5023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20378
Breiman, L., Friedman, J. H., Olshen, R. H., & Stone, C. J. (1984). Classification and regression trees. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Brignoli, F. M., Zampar, E. J. O., Almeida Junior, J. H. V., Cassim, B. M. A. R., Inoue, T. T., & Batista, M. A. (2023). Effect of different methods of inoculation and co-inoculation of Bradyrhizobium spp. and Azospirillum brasilense on soybean agronomic performance in fields with a history of inoculation. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 69(14), 2925-2937. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2023.2184807
Carciochi, W. D., Rosso, L. H. M., Secchi, M. A., Torres, A. R., Naeve, S., Casteel, S. N., … Ciampitti, I. A. (2019). Soybean yield, biological N2 fixation and seed composition responses to additional inoculation in the United States. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 1-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56465-0
Chibeba, A. M., Kyei‑Boahen, S., Guimarães, M. F., Nogueira, M. A., & Hungria, M. (2020). Towards sustainable yield improvement: field inoculation of soybean with Bradyrhizobium and co‑inoculation with Azospirillum in Mozambique. Archives of Microbiology, 202(9), 2579-2590. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-020-01976-y
Cigelske, B. D., Kandel, H., & Desutter, T. M. (2020). Soybean nodulation and plant response to nitrogen and sulfur fertilization in the Northern US. Agricultural Sciences, 11(6), 592-607. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4236/as.2020.116037
CLIMATE-DATE. (2023). Dados climáticos para cidades mundiais. Retrieved on May 22, 2023 from https://pt.climate-data.org/
Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento [CONAB]. (2023). Acompanhamento da safra brasileira de grãos - Safra 2022/23- Sexto levantamento. Retrieved on May 27, 2023 from https://www.conab.gov.br/info-agro/safras/graos/boletim-da-safra-de-graos
Ferreira, D. F. (2019). SISVAR: a computer analysis system to fixed effects split plot type designs. Brazilian Journal of Biometrics, 37(4), 529-535. DOI: https://doi.org/10.28951/rbb.v37i4.450
Freitas, V. F., Cerezini, P., Hungria, M., & Nogueira, M. A. (2022). Strategies to deal with drought-stress in biological nitrogen fixation in soybean. Applied Soil Ecology, 172, 104352. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2021.104352
Galindo, F. S., Teixeira Filho, M. C. M., Buzetti, S., Ludkiewicz, M. G. Z., Rosa, P. A. L., & Tritapepe, C. A. (2018). Technical and economic viability of co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense in soybean cultivars in the Cerrado. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 22(1), 51-56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n1p51-56
Garcia, R. A., Ceccon, G., & Kurihara, C. H. (2015). Adubação nitrogenada de arranque não influencia a produtividade da soja em diferentes sistemas de produção. Dourados, MS: Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste.
Hungria, M., Campo, R. J., & Mendes, I. C. (2001). Fixação biológica do nitrogênio na cultura da soja (Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste, Comunicado Técnico, 201). Londrina: Embrapa Soja. (Embrapa Soja, Circular Técnica, 35).
Hungria, M., Franchini, J. C., Campo, R. J., Crispino, C. C., Moraes, J. Z., Sibaldelli, R. N. R., ... Arihara, J. (2006). Nitrogen nutrition of soybean in Brazil: contributions of biological N2 fixation and of N fertilizer to grain yield. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 86(4), 927-939. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4141/P05-098
Hungria, N., & Nogueira, M. A. (2014). Tecnologia de coinoculação: rizóbios e Azospirillum em soja e feijoeiro. Londrina, PR: Embrapa Soja.
Hungria, N., Nogueira, M. A., & Araújo, R. S. (2013). Co-inoculation of soybeans and common beans with rhizobia and azospirilla: strategies to improve sustainability. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 49, 791-801. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-012-0771-5
Hwang, S., & Lee, T. G. (2019). Integration of lodging resistance QTL in soybean. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 1-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-42965-6
Leggett, M., Diaz-Zorita, M., Koivunen, M., Bowman, R., Pesek, R., Stevenson, C., & Leister, T. (2017). Soybean response to inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum in the United States and Argentina. Agronomy Journal, 109(3), 1031-1038. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2016.04.0214
Mandić, V., Đorđević, S., Bijelić, Z., Krnjaja, V., Pantelić, V., Simić, A., & Dragičević, V. (2020). Agronomic responses of soybean genotypes to starter nitrogen fertilizer rate. Agronomy, 10(4), 1-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040535
Mendes, I. C., Hungria, M., & Vargas, M. A. T. (2003). Soybean response to starter nitrogen and Bradyrhizobium inoculation on a Cerrado Oxisol under no-tillage and conventional tillage systems. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 27(1), 81-87. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-06832003000100009
Moretti, L. G., Crusciol, C. A. C., Kuramae, E. E., Bossolani, J. W., Moreira, A., Costa, N. R., … Hungria, M. (2020). Effects of growth-promoting bacteria on soybean root activity, plant development, and yield. Agronomy Journal, 112(1), 418-428. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20010
Naoe, A. M. L., Peluzio, J. M., Campos, L. J. M., Naoe, L. K., & Silva, R. A. (2020). Co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense in soybean cultivars subjected to water déficit. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 24(2), 89-94. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n2p89-94
Reis, A. F. B., Rosso, L. H. M., Adee, E., Davidson, D., Kovacs, P., Purcell, L. C., … Ciampitti, I. A. (2022). Seed inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense in the U.S. soybean systems. Field Crops Research, 283, 108537. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2022.108537
Salvagiotti, F., Cassman, K. G., Specht, J. E., Walters, D. T., Weiss, A., & Dobermann, A. (2008). Nitrogen uptake, fixation and response to fertilizer N in soybeans: A review. Field Crops Research, 108(1), 1-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2008.03.001
Santos, H. G., Jacomine, P. K. T., Anjos, L. H. C., Oliveira, V. A., Lumbreras, J. F., Coelho, M. R., ... Cunha, T. J. F. (2018). Sistema brasileiro de classificação de solos (5. ed.). Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Embrapa Solos.
Seixas, C. D. S., Neumaier, N., Balbinot Júnior, A. A., Krzyzanowski, F. C., & Leite, R. M. V. B. C. (2020). Tecnologias de produção de soja: região Central do Brasil. Londrina, PR: Embrapa Soja.
Silva, A. F., Carvalho, M. A. C., Schoninger, E. L., Monteiro, S., Caione, G., & Santos, P. A. (2011). Doses of inoculant and nitrogen at sowing of soybean in first cultivation area. Bioscience Journal, 27(3), 404-412.
Silva, E. H. L., Silva, F. D. S., Silva Junior, R. S., Pinto, D. D. C., Costa, R. C., Gomes, H. F., … Herdies, D. L. (2022). Performance assessment of different precipitation databases (gridded analyses and reanalyses) for the new Brazilian agricultural frontier: SEALBA. Water, 14(9), 1-17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/w14091473
Zuffo, A. M., Steiner, F., Busch, A., & Zoz, T. (2018). Response of early soybean cultivars to nitrogen fertilization associated with Bradyrhizobium japonicum inoculation. Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical, 48(4), 436-446. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632018v4852637
DECLARAÇÃO DE ORIGINALIDADE E DIREITOS AUTORAIS
Declaro que o presente artigo é original, não tendo sido submetido à publicação em qualquer outro periódico nacional ou internacional, quer seja em parte ou em sua totalidade.
Os direitos autorais pertencem exclusivamente aos autores. Os direitos de licenciamento utilizados pelo periódico é a licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0): são permitidos o compartilhamento (cópia e distribuição do material em qualqer meio ou formato) e adaptação (remix, transformação e criação de material a partir do conteúdo assim licenciado para quaisquer fins, inclusive comerciais.
Recomenda-se a leitura desse link para maiores informações sobre o tema: fornecimento de créditos e referências de forma correta, entre outros detalhes cruciais para uso adequado do material licenciado.
Funding data
