Ruminal fermentation, nutrients digestibility, and nitrogen balance in lambs fed diet containing high concentrate and essential oil concentrations of lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus)

  • José Alípio Faleiro Neto Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9998-9315
  • Alexandre Vaz Pires Universidade de São Paulo
  • Elizangela Mirian Moreira Universidade Estadual de Maringá
  • Rogerio de Paula Lana Universidade de São Paulo / Universidade Federal de Viçosa
  • Evandro Maia Ferreira Universidade de São Paulo
  • Clinton R. Krehbiel Texas Tech University
  • Renato Shinkai Gentil Universidade de São Paulo
  • Marcos Vinicius de Castro Ferraz Junior Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6041-2539
Palavras-chave: nutrients digestibility; additive; rumen fermentation, sheep, feed intake.

Resumo

This experiment evaluated the effects of doses of essential oil of lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) in rumen fermentation, nutrients digestibility and nitrogen balance in lambs. The treatments: negative control/CTL (no additives); positive control/MON (addition of 25 ppm of monensin Kg- of dry matter); and 1.25, 2.5 and 3.75 mL essential oil Kg of diet as feed. Twenty-five crossbreed Dorper x Santa Ines lambs with 45.6 ± 10.7 Kg of body weight and cannulated in the rumen allocated into randomized complete blocks design with five replicates per treatment. It was possible to verify that all the treatments began to alter some parameters of the ruminal fermentation of the diet offering. Essential oil of lemon grass used had similar results to monensin on parameters of ruminal, on day 21 compared with day zero, essential oil presented high concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen in the rumen, indicating that there was protein degradation greater than monensin. Not verified effect of essential oil in nutrient intake and nitrogen retained, even though there was improvement in the digestibility of dry matter and crude protein, and these effects were similar to monensin. During the 21 days, essential oil evaluated is effective manipulating some parameters of the ruminal fermentation.

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Referências

Abdl-Rahman, M. A. (2010). In vitro manipulation of rumen fermentation efficiency by fumaric acid–bentonite coupled addition as an alternative to antibiotics. Journal of Agricultural Science, 2(2), 174–180. https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v2n2p174

Anassori, E., Dalir-Naghadeh, B., Pirmohammadi, R., Taghizadeh, A., Asr-Rezaei, S., Maham, M., Farahmand-Azar, S., & Farhoomand, P. (2011). Garlic: a potential alternative for monensin as a rumen modifier. Livestock Science, 142(1-3), 276-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2011.08.003

Association of Official Analytical Chemists. (1990). Official methods of analysis (Vol. 1). AOAC International.

Association of Official Analytical Chemists. (1997). Official methods of analysis. AOAC International.

Benchaar, C., Chaves, A. V., Fraser, G. R., Wang, Y., Beauchemin, K. A., & McAllister, T. A. (2007). Effects of essential oils and their components on in vitro rumen microbial fermentation. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 87(3), 413-419. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjas07012

Bodas, R., Prieto, N., García-González, R., Andrés, S., Giráldez, F. J., & López, S. (2012). Manipulation of rumen fermentation and methane production with plant secondary metabolites. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 176(1-4), 78-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.07.010

Cardozo, P. W., Calsamiglia, S., Ferret, A., & Kamel, C. (2004). Effects of natural plant extracts on ruminal protein degradation and fermentation profiles in continuous culture. Journal of Animal Science, 82(11), 3230-3236. https://doi.org/10.2527/2004.82113230x

Calsamiglia, S., Busquet, M., Cardozo, P. W., Castillejos, L., & Ferret, A. (2007). Invited review: essential oils as modifiers of rumen microbial fermentation. Journal of Dairy Science, 90(6), 2580-2595. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-644

Chaney, A. L., & Marbach, E. P. (1962). Modified reagents for determination of urea and ammonia. Clinical Chemistry, 8(2), 130-132. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/8.2.130

Cobellis, G., Trabalza-Marinucci, M., Marcotullio, M. C., & Yu, Z. (2016). Evaluation of different essential oils in modulating methane and ammonia production, rumen fermentation, and rumen bacteria in vitro. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 215, 25-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.02.008

Demirtas, A., Ozturk, H., Sudagidan, M., Keyvan, E., Yavuz, O., Gulay, O. Y., & Musa, S. A. A. (2019). Effects of commercial aldehydes from green leaf volatiles (green odor) on rumen microbial population and fermentation profile in an artificial rumen (Rusitec). Anaerobe, 55, 83-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.11.001

Firkins, J. L., Allen, M. S., Oldick, B. S., & St-Pierre, N. R. (1998). Modeling ruminal digestibility of carbohydrates and microbial protein flow to the duodenum. Journal of Dairy Science, 81(12), 3350-3369. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(98)75901-6

Fraser, G. R., Chaves, A. V., Wang, Y., McAllister, T. A., Beauchemin, K. A., & Benchaar, C. (2007). Assessment of the effects of cinnamon leaf oil on rumen microbial fermentation using two continuous culture systems. Journal of Dairy Science, 90(5), 2315-2328. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-688

Guerra, M. J. M., Badell, J. B., Abajes, A. R. R., Pérez, H. B., Valencia, R. M., & Azcuy, A. L. (2000). Evaluación toxicológica aguda de los extractos fluidos al 30 y 80% de Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf (caña santa). Revista Cubana de Plantas Medicinales, 5(1), 97-101.

Hart, K. J., Yáñez-Ruiz, D. R., Duval, S. M., McEwan, N. R., & Newbold, C. J. (2008). Plant extracts to manipulate rumen fermentation. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 147(1-3), 8-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.09.007

Knapp, J. R., Laur, G. L., Vadas, P. A., Weiss, W. P., & Tricarico, J. M. (2014). Enteric methane in dairy cattle production: quantifying the opportunities and impact of reducing emissions. Journal of Dairy Science, 97(6), 3231-3261. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2013-7234

Lana, R. P., & Russell, J. B. (2001). Efeitos da monensina sobre a fermentação e sensibilidade de bactérias ruminais de bovinos sob dietas ricas em volumosos ou concentrados. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 30(1), 254-260. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982001000100036

Leal, T. C. A. B., Freitas, S. P., Silva, J. F., & Carvalho, A. J. C. (2003). Produção de biomassa e óleo essencial em plantas de capim cidreira (Cymbopogon citratus) em diferentes idades. Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais, 5(1), 61-64.

Lorenzi, H. (2002). Árvores brasileiras: manual de identificação e cultivo de plantas arbóreas do Brasil (Vol. 1). Instituto Plantarum.

Malecky, M., Broudiscou, L. P., & Schmidely, P. (2009). Effects of two levels of monoterpene blend on rumen fermentation, terpene and nutrient flows in the duodenum and milk production in dairy goats. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 154(1-2), 24-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2009.07.004

Meyer, N. F., Erickson, G. E., Klopfenstein, T. J., Greenquist, M. A., Luebbe, M. K., Williams, P. P., & Engstrom, M. A. (2009). Effect of essential oils, tylosin and monensin on finishing steer performance, carcass characteristics, liver abscesses, ruminal fermentation and digestibility. Journal of Animal Science, 87(7), 2346-2354. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2008-1493

Naik, M. I., Fomda, B. A., Jaykumar, E., & Bhat, J. A. (2010). Antibacterial activity of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) oil against some selected pathogenic bacteria. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 3(7), 535-538. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1995-7645(10)60129-0

Russell, J. B. (2002). Rumen microbiology and its role in ruminant nutrition. Department of Microbiology, Cornell University.

Santos, M. B., Robinson, P. H., Williams, P., & Losa, R. (2010). Effects of addition of an essential oil complex to the diet of lactating dairy cows on whole tract digestion of nutrients and productive performance. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 147(1-2), 64-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2010.02.001

Statistical Analysis System Institute. (2002). SAS system for Windows (Version 9). SAS Institute.

Tager, L. R., & Krause, K. M. (2011). Effects of essential oils on rumen fermentation, milk production, and feeding behavior in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 94(5), 2455-2464. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-3505

Tekippe, J. A., Hristov, A. N., Heyler, K. S., Cassidy, T. W., Zheljazkov, V. D., Ferreira, J. F. S., Karnati, S. K., & Varga, G. A. (2011). Rumen fermentation and production effects of Origanum vulgare L. leaves in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 94(10), 5065-5079. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-4095

Van Soest, P. J. (1994). Nutritional ecology of the ruminant. Cornell University Press.

Van Soest, P. J., Robertson, J. B., & Lewis, B. A. (1991). Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74(10), 3583-3597. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2

Wu, Z., Sadik, M., Sleiman, F. T., Simas, J. M., Pessarakli, M., & Huber, J. T. (1994). Influence of yuca extract on ruminal metabolism in cows. Journal of Animal Science, 72(4), 1038-1044. https://doi.org/10.2527/1994.7241038x

Wolin, J. M. (1960). A theoretical rumen fermentation balance. Journal of Dairy Science, 43(11), 1452–1459. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(60)90348-9

Zago, J. A. A., Ushimaru, P. I., Barbosa, L. N., & Fernandes Jr, A. (2009). Sinergismo entre óleos essenciais e drogas antimicrobianas sobre linhagens de Staphylococcus aureus e Escherichia coli isoladas de casos clínicos humanos. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 19(4), 828–833. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-695X2009000600005

Publicado
2025-11-04
Como Citar
Faleiro Neto, J. A., Pires, A. V., Moreira, E. M., Lana, R. de P., Ferreira, E. M., Krehbiel, C. R., Gentil, R. S., & Ferraz Junior, M. V. de C. (2025). Ruminal fermentation, nutrients digestibility, and nitrogen balance in lambs fed diet containing high concentrate and essential oil concentrations of lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus). Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences, 48(1), e75673. https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v48i1.75673
Seção
Nutrição de Ruminantes

0.9
2019CiteScore
 
 
29th percentile
Powered by  Scopus