Effect of different sources and concentrations of carbohydrates on the morphological and physiological characteristics of Vanilla planifolia Jacks. RH350

Clara  Córdova Nieto; Lourdes Georgina Iglesias-Andreu; Juan Carlos  Noa-Carrazana; Alejandro  Alonso López; Galdy  Hernández-Zárate; Jorge Catalino  López-Collado; Candelaria  Garcias-Morales; Citlalli Scarett  Arroyo Landa

Clara Córdova Nieto Universidad Veracruzana
Lourdes Georgina Iglesias-Andreu Universidad Veracruzana https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1364-7773
Juan Carlos Noa-Carrazana Universidad Veracruzana
Alejandro Alonso López Colegio de Posgraduados
Galdy Hernández-Zárate Colegio de Posgraduados
Jorge Catalino López-Collado Colegio de Posgraduados
Candelaria Garcias-Morales Universidad Veracruzana
Citlalli Scarett Arroyo Landa Universidad Veracruzana

Resumo

Veracruz is the leading vanilla-producing state in Mexico; however, its plantations face significant challenges from pathogens like Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vanillae (Fov). Therefore, it is crucial to develop an effective protocol to ensure the availability of in vitro plants of the RH₃₅₀genotype, which exhibits 50% resistance to Fov. This genotype was developed through in vitro selection against Fov filtrates using the pathogenic strain Fov H₃. This study evaluated the effects of two concentrations (15 and 30 g L⁻¹) and five different carbon sources (maltose, fructose, sucrose, galactose, and glucose) on the morphological (number of shoots, leaves, and roots, shoot, leaf, and root length) and physiological (photosynthetic pigment content) characteristics of in vitro plants. This study was conducted to meet the growing demand for high-quality RH₃₅₀ plants. The results revealed significant differences among the carbohydrates and their respective concentrations; however, the 30 g L⁻¹ concentration of fructose yielded the greatest number of shoots and leaves. A similar concentration of maltose positively impacted shoot length, while 15 g L⁻¹ of this carbohydrate yielded the best results in terms of chlorophyll content. These findings emphasize the importance of both the concentration and the type of carbon source in micropropagating plants such as V. planifolia, RH₃₅₀.

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