Numerical investigation of porous parameter influence on Casson-type hybrid nanofluid ( with base fluid blood) convection with variable properties.

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of the study is to examine the heat and fluid transport properties of a Casson hybrid nanofluid, which is made up of blood and nanoparticles, as it passes down a vertical porous channel while being affected by a magnetic field. Understanding the effects of changing viscosity, variable thermal conductivity and porous resistance on temperature and velocity distributions pertinent to biological applications, including targeted drug administration, cryosurgery and hyperthermia is the main goal of the work.

Methodology: A combination of Casson rheology, viscous dissipation, variable viscosity, variable thermal conductivity and porous resistance effects are used to formulate the governing momentum and energy equations. We use MATLAB's bvp5c solver to numerically solve these nonlinear coupled equations after they have been nondimensionalized. For important dimensionless quantities, such as the Casson parameter, Brinkman number,  Hartmann number, wall temperature ratio and porosity parameter,  parametric studies are performed.

Findings: The findings show that porous resistance alters thermal boundary layers and significantly reduces velocity. When compared to pure blood, the addition of hybrid nanoparticles improves convective heat transmission by as much as 15.80%. While variable thermal conductivity enhances control over heat transfer and steepens temperature gradients, variable viscosity increases flow resistance and decreases peak velocity.

Conclusions: The study emphasizes how heat and fluid flow behaviour in biomedical systems are greatly influenced by the combined impacts of magnetic fields, porous resistance and thermophysical changes. By separating porosity effects in Casson hybrid nanofluid flow without the contribution of an electric field, the novelty offers practical information about heat transport aided by nanoparticles in porous biological tissues and manufactured scaffolds.