Enfoque: Reflexão Contábil

Influence of the investment properties measurement criterion on earnings persistence: a study with real estate exploitation companies listed in [B]³

2025-09-19T19:59:19+00:00

Objective: To analyze the influence of the accounting choice dependent for the criterion for measuring investment properties (PPI) on the earnings persistence of real estate exploitation companies listed in [B]³.

Method: The companies listed on [B]³ classified in the “Real Estate Exploration” segment and which had a balance in the “Investment Property” account were selected. The study period comprised 2010 to 2020, with annual information. As methodological procedures, a descriptive analysis of the data and an estimation by the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) were carried out.

Originality/Relevance: No studies were found that compare PPI accounting choices and their impact on earnings persistence, especially in this line of business, which is highly representative of PPI in relation to its total assets and whose fair value is assessed by levels 2 or 3, which generate greater discretion. Thus, it becomes relevant to understand whether the choice of measurement criteria for this asset influences the persistence of these companies' earnings.

Results: The exploratory data analysis points to greater profitability for companies that use historical cost as a measurement criterion for PPI in relation to companies that adopt fair value. With regard to earnings persistence, it was observed that companies generally show persistent earnings over the period studied. However, a reduction in this persistence can be seen when checking only the companies that opted for the fair value for measuring PPI.

Theoretical/methodological/practical contributions: The study contributes to the discussion on the persistence of earnings in a scenario of faculty of accounting choice between historical cost and fair value for asset valuation. The results can help managers in choosing the measurement criteria, in addition to contributing to the understanding of the sustainability of the companies' net income.

Management accountant profile and strategic choices: a qualitative analysis on the Upper Echelons Theory

2025-09-19T19:59:17+00:00

Purpose: To understand how the profile, values and the cognitive basis, proposed by the Upper Echelons Theory, are it’s seen in the strategic choices of the Accountant management in Brazilian and Portuguese companies.

Method: A qualitative approach research was carried out, with an interpretive inquiry paradigm. Two case studies were conducted in organizations with different business realities in Brazil and Portugal. The used method is shadowing and in order to complement the analysis, the triangulation of sources was carried out through interviews and document collection.

Originality/value: To investigate personal characteristics, from valeu perspective and the cognitive basis, proposed by the Upper Echelons Theory, in a qualitative approach in research area, considering the Accountant management.

Findings: The results indicate that previous professional experience and academic background are noticed in the strategic choices made by the Accountant management, investigated in both countries. Regarding the academic formation, peculiar aspects of both countries are crucial factors, with Accounting training predominating in Brazil, while in Portugal there was a Management training and other courses among Accountant management stood out. The results also show that the values of collectivism, rationality, duty, and innovation highlights as expected values for the Accountant management job, while materialism and power were not so present.

Contributions: It expands TES applicability and advances on the discussion about the controllers’ profile and duties as well as their involvement with the different strategic choices. From an empirical perspective, demonstrating how the controller's personal characteristics are present in their strategic choices, impact on decisions within organizations. In addition, it allows us to understand the academic background, professional experiences and personal values of each controller influence the managerial vision of that manager, which allows organizations to structure their human resources department in a hierarchical way so that they can optimize results.

Analysis of positioning on the Instagram social network of accounting organizations in the Federal District based on the AIDA model

2025-09-19T19:59:16+00:00

Objective: Analyze the profile of the content produced on Instagram by the public accounting firms located at the Federal District in order to identify their digital positioning.

Method: 252 public accounting firms were selected that, after an initial analysis of the 2,278 organizations registered with the Regional Accounting Council of the DF (CRC-DF), had their Instagram page registered on the institutional website, resulting in 9,444 publications carried out from January to September 2021. The categorization and analysis were realized based on the application of contente analisys under the AIDA Model (Attraction, Interest, Desire and Action), with the creation of subcategorizations to expand the model.

Originality/Relevance: With the advances of the digital age, companies from different segments have invested in marketing strategies to position their businesses in the digital environment. The demand for services and companies on the internet has been intensifying, and companies that do not follow this change are losing market share, a case that also applies to public accounting firms.

Results: Accounting organizations use Instagram with low frequency (11% of the public accounting firms at the Federal District have Instagram). Most of the content produced by the selected organizations is oriented to the stage of Customer “Awareness” (75%), followed by the categories of “Interest and Desire” (18%) and, finally, “Action” (7%). Differently from what was expected, the posts that received more interaction from users were those focused on Interest and Desire.

Theoretical/methodological/practical contributions: Contributes to mapping the digital positioning, highlighting the importance of using good Digital Marketing strategies so that organizations do not lose space in the market by not adapting to new trends. In addition, a replicable instrument based on the AIDA Model was created.

Political cycles and banking performance: a systematic literature review

2025-09-19T19:59:14+00:00

Objective: This study maps scientific production in recent years (2000-2022) related to the topic “Political Cycles and Bank Performance”.

Relevance: Its relevance is based on the importance of banks as economic agents, the contribution of these institutions to improving the efficiency of the financial market and the assumption that political factors can influence their performance. Also noteworthy is the growing expansion of the topic in literature.

Method: The methodology used was based on an exploratory and descriptive approach, investigating the literature on the interrelationships between the terms “political cycles” and “bank performance” through bibliometric analysis.

Results: The results reveal research of significant importance at a global and local level, highlighting the main current research themes associated with the theme, as well as the most prominent authors and countries. Particularly noteworthy are those studies that have strong relevance and a decisive impact on the scientific literature on the subject.

Contributions: As contributions, this research presents the main clusters of knowledge, emerging themes and opportunities for research on the theme analyzed.

Effects of ethics management on ethical climate and behavior in oil refineries

2025-09-19T19:59:12+00:00

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of ethics management (formal and informal) on the ethical work climate and individual ethical behavior of employees of oil refineries that have compliance programs.

Method: The study is characterized as a survey, made possible from the perception of oil refinery employees with compliance programs, through the technique of structural equation modeling with partial least squares estimation (PLS-SEM).

Originality/relevance: Oil refineries have considerable participation in the economic growth of the country, even after corporate scandals that have shaken their structures and image. The literature points to the growing concern of these organizations with ethical issues in recent years. Thus, to recover their prestige, many of these organizations have resorted to the creation of compliance programs as a resource to regain their prestige. However, the effectiveness of these programs for the orchestration of ethics management and the respective ethical outcomes still presents little evidence.

Results: The findings indicate that ethics management (formal and informal) directly influences the ethical work climate and indirectly influences individual ethical behavior. It means that formal and informal ethics management contributes directly and indirectly (via the ethical work climate) to the achievement of individual ethical behavior by employees, and can be used as a resource for refineries to be engaged in having ethics present in their actions, generating greater credibility for the organizations.

Theoretical/methodological/practical contributions: The findings contribute to the organizational literature and practice by pointing out managerial means (formal and informal ethics controls) to orchestrate ethical intentions and behaviors in employees, especially in the context of compliance programs in oil refineries.

Effects of CPC 47 (IFRS 15) from the perspective of earnings persistence in the brazilian stock market

2025-09-19T19:59:11+00:00

Objective: To analyze the effect of adopting CPC47 (IFRS15), the accounting standard for revenue recognition, on the quality of accounting information from the perspective of earnings persistence in the Brazilian stock market.

Method: The research sample has a total of 546 observations corresponding to 91 companies from 2016 to 2021. The model proposed by Dechow, Ge and Schrand (2010) was used to analyze earnings persistence. The analysis method used regression models with fully balanced panel data with statistical tests at a 5% significance level.

Originality/Relevance: The research is relevant because it shows the effects of adopting a new revenue standard after adoption by Brazilian companies. In addition, in Brazil there are still few studies evaluating the impacts of applying accounting standards after the mandatory adoption period and, therefore, this research clarifies the possible theoretical and practical effects as discussed in the literature.

Results: The tests showed no significant effects after adopting the revenue recognition standard on earnings persistence. There was also evidence that the period of the coronavirus pandemic showed a positive and significant relationship with the persistence of earnings.

Theoretical/methodological/practical contributions: This research contributes by analyzing the effects of CPC 47 in Brazil based on discussions about the impacts of regulations on the quality of accounting information through the earnings persistence metric. In addition, it can clarify for users of accounting information, such as regulators, preparers and auditors, the practical effects of this standard on profits, i.e. that the requirements of the standard have not had a negative impact on company performance. It is therefore understood that this study could be an important analysis for the IASB, especially in the IFRS15 PostImplementation Review (PIR) process.

Santa Catarina football outside the field of play: An analysis of accounting disclosure and economic-financial performance

2025-09-19T19:59:07+00:00

Objective: This research aims to examine the relationship between the level of disclosure in compliance with the NBC ITG 2003 (R1) and the economic and financial performance of football clubs in Santa Catarina.

Method: The population comprises professional football clubs in Santa Catarina in activity between 2013 and 2020. The sample includes clubs that have published their financial statements for at least five years. Also, the sample is segregated into large and small clubs according to the number of state titles. We measure the level of accounting disclosure based on a checklist developed based on the NBC ITG 2003 (R1) is used based on the disclosure of the financial statements of the clubs.

Originality/Relevance: Football clubs from Santa Catarina have economic, social and sporting relevance nationally. Studying the level of disclosure and economic-financial elements can complement studies dealing with national and international clubs.

Results: The results indicate that the Balance Sheet and the Income Statement were the most published, while the Statement of Comprehensive Income was the least disclosed. Regarding the level of disclosure, there is an average level of 37% for large clubs and 10% for small clubs. Moreover, the economic scenario of these organizations is contextualized, and the results indicate that more than 60% of them have negative equity and financial results. Regarding the results of the econometric models, it is pointed out that the main characteristic of discriminating the level of disclosure was the size of the club.

Theoretical/Methodological/Practical Contributions: The research intends to contribute to the panorama of these organizations about the items demanded in the NBC ITG 2003 (R1). In this way, it is possible to identify the main disclosure gaps so that stakeholders act and organizations raise their level of disclosure.

Capital structure as a determinant of internationalization opportunities for brazilian multinationals

2025-09-19T19:59:05+00:00

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the determinants of the capital structure of Brazilian multinationals, verifying whether the degree of internationalization, state ownership, the macroeconomic scenario and political risk influence the capital structure.

Method: A panel data regression model with a fixed effects estimator was used, with a time horizon from 2006 to 2021. The final sample contains 56 companies from different sectors, obtained from the Fundação Dom Cabral reports.

Originality/Relevance: The originality of this article consists of analyzing the internal and external factors that can impact on the capital structure, which allows us to verify all the sources of value creation that Brazilian multinational companies use to stimulate the internationalization process.

Results: The results show that the degree of internationalization, state ownership and political risk are the main determinants of the capital structure of Brazilian multinationals. This finding is justified because, when companies internationalize their activities, they are faced with a greater source of resources and better conditions than in the domestic market. Similarly, when the government acts as a shareholder in the company, it can obtain access to credit at a lower interest rate, generating a positive impact on its capital structure.

Theoretical/methodological/practical contributions: The study makes a theoretical contribution by extending the analysis of capital structure to the scenario of emerging markets, specifically Brazil. In practical terms, this analysis could be of interest to users of financial statements, especially analysts and investors. Finally, the social contribution focuses on the evaluation of state shareholding in Brazilian multinational companies, by verifying the effectiveness of this public policy.

Maturity of public governance index of brazilian municipalities from the perspective of the international framework for good governance in the public sector

2025-09-19T19:59:09+00:00

Objective: Evaluate the maturity of Public Governance in Brazilian municipalities, through the construction of a Public Governance Indicator (IGovP) that reflects the alignment between economic, social, environmental and management results with international principles of good governance in the public sector.

Methodology: The IGovP was built based on the governance principles established in the IFAC Framework (2014): Integrity and Ethics, Accessibility and Stakeholder Involvement, Sustainable Development, Achievement of Results, Training, Risk Management and Performance, Transparency and Accountability. The survey comprises information for the 2018 base year of 141 Brazilian municipalities with more than 200,000 inhabitants.

Originality/Relevance: There is a growing academic interest in the development of models that assess the maturity of management and that explore its implications, thus, the present study allows to broaden the understanding of the level of maturity of the governance mechanisms of Brazilian public institutions, evaluated the starting from social, economic, environmental and management indicators, established under the prism of the principles of good governance in the public sector.

Results: It was found that most municipalities fit the maturity level of Intermediate Public Governance. However, the governance principles of Capacity Building, Sustainable Development and Achieving Results have gaps that need to be filled within the analyzed municipalities.

Theoretical/methodological/practical contributions: The article contributes to public management by establishing a governance indicator (IGovP) that assesses social, economic, environmental, and governmental achievements in line with international principles of good governance in the public sector. Thus, it is possible to use it as a tool to assess the degree of maturity of municipal public governance, supporting decision-making and the improvement of governance in local governments and public policies, with the aim of supporting decision-making and improving governance in local governments and public policies. Regarding the contribution related to the social sphere, IGovP can be used in several ways, such as: assisting citizen participation in public management, reducing the asymmetry of information between the government and citizens, guiding the analyzes carried out by society, substantiating social control, controlling corruption, supporting complaints, suggestions and praise.

Crypto assets: accounting policies adopted in latin america through a comparative vision

2025-09-19T19:59:03+00:00

Objective: The objective of this work was to analyze the treatment of Crypto Assets (hereinafter, CA) from the accounting perspective;

Method: A documentary, descriptive and comparative analysis study was available of the accounting standards aimed at the registration of CAs and the pronouncements of the issuing organizations, as well as the opinion of the doctrine in relation to the document issued by the Committee. of IASB Interpretations.

Limitation of scope: Due to the diversity of CAs and the limitations inherent to the present dimension, the focus has been on those that serve as a means of payments, such as Bitcoin, Ether, Litecoin and others. Justification: The justification is given by the absence of specific regulations by the International Accounting Standards Board (hereinafter, IASB), which represents a challenge for accounting registrars in terms of choosing the policy to be applied so that results in relevant and reliable information.

Findings: It has been confirmed that due to the recurrent use of this new means of payment, some States came forward and issued internal regulations or interpretations. The main finding of this work is the heightened criteria of the organizations and the doctrine for the recognition according to the purpose of the entity, and how the Mexican and Venezuelan regulations are aligned with the interpretation of the Council for the Interpretation of Financial Reporting Standards (hereinafter, IFRIC)(findings), however the gaps persist, which It merits that the IASB once again include it in its agenda, as well as greater efforts on the part of unilateral organizations and academia in seeking to broaden the debate to find plausible solutions.