Soil weed seed bank in situ and ex situ at a smallholder field in Maranhão State, northeastern Brazil

Mário Luiz Ribeiro Mesquita; Leonaldo Alves Andrade; Walter Esfrain Pereira

doi:10.4025/actasciagron.v37i1.19360

Soil weed seed bank in situ and ex situ at a smallholder field in Maranhão State, northeastern Brazil

Mário Luiz Ribeiro Mesquita Universidade Estadual do Maranhão
Leonaldo Alves Andrade Universidade Federal da Paraíba
Walter Esfrain Pereira Universidade Federal da Paraíba

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v37i1.19360

Keywords: cyperaceae, competition, biological invasion, phytosociology, smallholder farmers

Abstract

The objective of this research was to assess the density, floristic composition, phytosociology and diversity of a soil weed seed bank ex situ by germination in a greenhouse and in situ by weed sampling on a smallholder corn field located in Lago Verde County, Maranhão State. Fifteen pairs of 25 m² plots were designated. In half of these plots, 90 soil samples were collected with an open metal template measuring 25 x 16 x 3 cm and placed in a greenhouse to germinate. In the other half, 90 weed samples were collected using the same metal template. We recorded a total of 1,998 individuals from 40 species, 31 genera and 16 families, from which 659 individuals germinated in situ and 1,339 exsitu. Density was higher ex situ, with 372 plants m^-2. The Cyperaceae family had the highest floristic richness with nine species, followed by the Poaceae with six. The dominant species based on the Importance Value Index were Lindernia crustacea (IVI 27.7%) in situ and Scleria lithosperma (IVI 37.0%) ex situ. Floristic diversity was higher ex situ, with H’ = 2.66 nats ind^-1. These results could help predict infestation potential and could lead to improved weed management strategies in corn-growing areas on smallholdings in Maranhão State, northeastern Brazil.

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Author Biographies

Mário Luiz Ribeiro Mesquita, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão

Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, CESB/UEMA Área de Ecologia Vegetal e Meio Ambiente

Leonaldo Alves Andrade, Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Departamento de Fitotecnia e Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, UFPB, Campus II, Areia-PB. Àrea de Ecologia Vegetal e Meio Ambiente

Walter Esfrain Pereira, Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Departamento de Ciências Fundamentais e Sociais, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, UFPB, Campus II, Areia-PB Área de Estatística

Published

2014-11-25

How to Cite

Mesquita, M. L. R., Andrade, L. A., & Pereira, W. E. (2014). Soil weed seed bank in situ and ex situ at a smallholder field in Maranhão State, northeastern Brazil. Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy, 37(1), 93-100. https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v37i1.19360

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Issue

Vol 37 No 1 (2015)

Section

Crop Production

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