Productivity and quality of noble garlic cultivars under different vernalization temperatures
Resumo
Brazilian producers of noble garlic (Allium sativum L.) have sought to enhance the productivity and quality of garlic by applying a vernalization technique that induces bulb formation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity and quality of garlic bulbs produced from different noble garlic cultivars at varying vernalization temperatures. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the Wehrmann Agricultural Group and was replicated three times on April 4th (Experiment I), April 18th (Experiment II), and May 16th, 2019 (Experiment III). The experimental design consisted of a randomized complete block design in a 3 × 3 factorial scheme, with nine treatments and four replicates. The treatments consisted of three garlic cultivars: Quitéria, Ito, and Chonan, and three vernalization temperatures (-1 to -3°C; 1 to 3°C; and 2 to 4°C). After harvesting, the bulbs were counted, weighed, and classified based on sieves ranging from 2 to 8, according to the transverse bulb diameter. Following this classification, the commercial, total, and industrial bulb yields were estimated. Negative vernalization temperatures resulted in slower bulb development in all experiments; however, this was associated with a higher potential for bulb growth. Notably, the Chonan cultivar outperformed the other cultivars. Negative vernalization temperature increased the yield of bulbs in the 5–7 and 8 classes (higher commercial value classes), reduced the bulb yields in the 2–4 and industrial classes (lower commercial value classes), and enhanced the total yield.
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Copyright (c) 2025 José Magno Queiroz Luz, Carlos Inácio Garcia de Oliveira, Sérgio Macedo Silva, João Paulo Diniz dos Santos, Paula Gabriela S. Nunes Souto, Renata Castoldi Castoldi (Autor)
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