<b>Genetic variability and evidence of founder effect in <i>Hemiodus orthonops</i> (Characiformes: Hemiodontidae) from the upper Paraná River basin, Brazil
Abstract
Hemiodus orthonops is a small fish of the Hemiodontidae family, order Characiformes, with a maximum of 25 cm standard length. Until recently, H. orthonops was an endemic species from the Paraná-Paraguay basin and it was absent from the upper Paraná River basin. Since 2008, it has started to be collected in the upper Paraná River, representing up to 10% of catches. Two population samples of H. orthonops from two localities of the upper Parana River basin (Porto Camargo and Porto Figueira) were analyzed using the allozymes electrophoresis technique. Twenty-one enzymatic loci were detected. The population sample from Porto Camargo displayed a genetic variability (He = 0.1061) higher than that from Porto Figueira (He = 0.0580) and homozygote excess in both of them. The FST value (0.2081) indicated genetic structure. The excess of homozygotes in both samples was probably due to founder effect in the population.
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