Computational Study of Mixed Convection Magnetohydrodynamic Flow of an Engine Oil Hybrid Nanofluid over a Stretchable Cylinder in a Porous Environment with Heat Source/Sink Effects

Resumo

This work presents the steady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary-layer flow and heat transmission of an Al2O3-MWCNT /engine-oil hybrid nanofluid along a stretching cylindrical surface within a Darcy porous medium, influenced by internal heat generation or absorption. The thermophysical properties of hybrid nanoparticles, including altered effective density, viscosity, heat capacity, and thermal conductivity, are incorporated into the conventional nanofluid formulation. The governing partial differential equations are simplified using similarity transformations into a coupled system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations, which are subsequently solved numerically using the MATLAB bvp4c method. Velocity, temperature, skin-friction coefficient, and Nusselt number are analyzed concerning magnetic parameter, porosity, curvature, nanoparticle volume fraction, Prandtl number, and heat source/sink. The results demonstrate that although viscosity increase slightly diminishes momentum, heat transmission is significantly improved by hybrid nanofluid formulations compared to single-nanoparticle suspensions. The enhanced thermal performance derived from the synergistic effects of Al2O3 and MWCNT nanoparticles indicates that hybrid nanofluids are effective for augmenting heat transfer in stretching-surface engineering processes.