Geomorphological analysis with support of digital techniques: municipality of São Martinho da Serra – RS

Abstract

Geomorphological studies are based on the assessment of the form and composition of the slopes and are fundamental instruments for management plans, aimed at the rational use of the environment. From the emergence and diffusion of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the improvement of geotechnologies, obtaining and processing data containing attributes of the relief has become an easily accessible procedure, allowing to classify and describe in a quantitative way the shapes of the surface from the earth. Geomorphological mapping works in municipalities have been developed seeking a greater integration of scientific information with the community under the university's direct influence. The present work follows the proposal of integration with the regional communities through the geomorphological analysis of the municipality of São Martinho da Serra / RS. For the elaboration of the geomorphological compartmentation, data on the hydrography, altitudes, slope, relief elements (geomorphons), geology and soil types were collected and analyzed. The parameters were interpreted based on a systemic approach and validation took place through fieldwork. The municipality of São Martinho da Serra was segmented into 06 geomorphological compartments: Taquarembó Unit; Lajeadinho Unit; Guassupizinho Unit; Durasnal Unit; Serra de São Martinho Unit; and Ponte do Ibicuí Unit. Geomorphological studies are important tools, which if applied correctly, enable an orderly and effective planning of the geographical space.