Spatial analysis of gender inequality in the labor market in Matopiba region, Brazil

Abstract

The objective was to analyze the spatial distribution of gender inequality in the labor market in the Matopiba region, in the years 2013 and 2019. The data used in the research were collected from the database of the Annual Relation of Social Information (RAIS) for the years 2013 and 2019, and organized using the following indicators: number of jobs, age group, remuneration, education and length of employment. An exploratory analysis was carried out using spatial geostatistics, using the spatial dependence indicators through the QGIS 3.16 software, for data analysis and map generation. The results showed that men represented 12.33% in 2013 and 10.87% in 2019, with greater representation in employment occupations than women. During this period, the participation of women increased by 8.09%. Regarding education, women stood out in higher education, with a high significance of 30.01%, from 2013 to 2019, while men represented 16.11%. Regarding the age group, there was a significance of 56.12% and 55.42% for men in the years surveyed, and as age advances, this difference gradually decreases in relation to women. Regarding remuneration, it was observed that in 2013 a rate of 41.17% and in 2019 of 42.0% of employed women who earned less than five minimum wages and more than five minimum wages, 3.0% and 4 .0% of men in both years. As for length of employment, men accounted for 56.16% and 55.44% for 2013 and 2019, respectively, with greater significance, while women had a slight increase of 4.04% with more than five years in employment, with lower than men, who were 5.24%. It is concluded that the Matopiba region presented gender inequality, but the spatial analyzes showed a decrease in these inequalities, albeit in a timid way.