Cultura histórica y cultura de la memoria en proyectos educativos que conmemoran la democracia portuguesa (1974-2024)
Resumen
La conmemoración del 25 de Abril de 1974 en contextos educativos portugueses se ha convertido en una práctica sociocultural que refleja la preocupación por la normalización de discursos antidemocráticos. El artículo analiza las narrativas conmemorativas escolares, como ejemplo de uso público de la historia, para conocer cómo se caracterizan en ellas cultura histórica y cultura de la memoria para afrontar ese reto. Los resultados indican que la identificación con la democracia necesita que ambas contengan un diálogo crítico sobre qué recordamos del pasado y del presente, invitando a profundizar en la democracia y sus valores.
Descargas
Citas
ADAMOLI, Celeste. Educación, memoria y democracia: la producción de materiales educativos estatales a propósito de los 40 años de democracia. Historia de la Educación. Anuario, v. 24, n. 2, p. 106-122, 2023. https://doi.org/10.51438/2313-9277.2023.24.2.e003
ASSMANN, Jan. Communicative and cultural memory. In: ERLL, Astrid; NÜNNING, Ansgar (eds.). A Companion to Cultural Memory Studies. New York: Walter de Gruyter, 2010. p. 109-118.
BELLELLI, Guglielmo; CURCI, Antonietta; LEONE, Giovanna. (2007). Social and Cognitive Determinants of Collective Memory for Public Events. In: VALSINER, Jaan; ROSA, Alberto (eds.). The Cambridge Handbook of Sociocultural Psychology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007. p. 625-644 https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511611162
BERGSON, Henri. Materia y memoria. Buenos Aires: Editorial Cactus, 2006.
BERMÚDEZ, Angela; EPSTEIN, Terrie. Representations of violent pasts in memorial museums. Ethical reflection and history education. Journal for the Study of Education and Development, v. 43, n. 3, p. 503-543, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1080/02103702.2020.1772541
BJERG, Helle; LENZ, Claudia; THORSTESEN, Erik (eds.). Historicizing the Uses of the Past. Scandinavian Perspectives on History Culture, Historical consciousness and Didactics of History Related to World War II. Berlin: Deutsche Nationalbibliothek, 2011.
BJERG, Helle. The Culture of Memory in the “Grandchildren Generation” in Denmark. In: BJERG, Helle; LENZ, Claudia; THORSTESEN, Erik (eds.). Historicizing the Uses of the Past. Scandinavian Perspectives on History Culture, Historical consciousness and Didactics of History Related to World War II. Berlin: Deutsche Nationalbibliothek, 2011. p. 241-255.
BROWN, Ken. Education, Culture and Critical Thinking. London: Routledge, 1998. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429458026
CARRETERO, Mario; ROSA, Alberto; GONZÁLEZ, María Fernanda. Introducción. Enseñar Historia en tiempos de memoria. En: CARRETERO, Mario; ROSA, Alberto; GONZÁLEZ, María Fernanda (comps.). Enseñanza de la historia y memoria colectiva. Buenos Aires: Paidós, 2006. p. 11-36.
CARRETERO, Mario; MONTANERO, Manuel. Enseñanza y aprendizaje de la Historia: aspectos cognitivos y culturales. Culture and Education, v. 20, n. 2, p. 133–142, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1174/113564008784490361
CARRETERO, Mario; LÓPEZ RODRÍGUEZ, César. Estudios cognitivos sobre el conocimiento histórico: aportaciones para la enseñanza y alfabetización histórica. Enseñanza de las Ciencias Sociales, n. 8, p. 79-93, 2009.
CATAÑO BALSEIRO, Carmen Lucía. Jörn Rüsen y la conciencia histórica. Revista Historia y Sociedad, n. 21, p. 223-245, 2011.
CERRI, Luis Fernando. Didática da História: uma leitura teórica sobre a História na prática. Revista de História Regional, v. 15, n. 2, p. 264-278, 2010.
DE GROOT, Jerome. Consuminghistory: Historians and heritage in contemporary popular culture. London: Routledge, 2016.
DUSSEL, Inés. La educación y la memoria. Notas sobre la política de la transmisión. Anclajes, v. 6, n. 2, p. 267-293, 2002.
FREIRE, Paulo. Cultural Action and Conscientization Available to Purchase. Harvard Educational Review, v. 40, n. 3, p. 452–477, 1970. https://doi.org/10.17763/haer.40.3.h76250x720j43175
FREITAS, Rafael Reinaldo. Aprendizagem Histórica e Cultura Histórica: contributos para investigações sobre o lugar da intersubjetividade na formação histórica. História & Ensino, Londrina, v. 22, n. 2, p. 247-262, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5433/2238-3018.2016v22n2p247
GONZÁLEZ, María Paula; PAGÈS, Joan. Conversatorio: "Historia, memoria y enseñanza de la historia: conceptos, debates y perspectivas europeas y latinoamericanas". Historia Y Memoria, n. 9, p. 275–311, 2014. https://doi.org/10.19053/20275137.2941
GREVER, María; ADRIAANSEN, Robbert-Jan. Historical Culture: A Concept Revisited. In: CARRETERO, Mario; BERGER, Stefan; GREVER, María (eds). Palgrave Handbook of Research in Historical Culture and Education. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-52908-4_4
___. Historical Culture. In Bloomsbury History: Theory and Method Articles. London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2021. p. 1-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350970854.056
HASTE, Helen; BERMÚDEZ, Ángela. The Power of Story: Historical Narratives and the Construction of Civic Identity. In: CARRETERO, Mario; BERGER, Stefan; GREVER, María (eds). Palgrave Handbook of Research in Historical Culture and Education. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2017. p. 427-447. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-52908-4_4
HEWER, Christopher J.; ROBERTS, Ron. History, culture and cognition: Towards a dynamic model of social memory. Culture & Psychology, v. 18, n. 2, p. 167-183, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354067X11434836
KÖRBER, Andreas. German History Didactics: ¿From Historical Consciousness to Historical Competencies and Beyond? In: BJERG, Hellen; LENZ, Claudia; THORSTESEN, Erik (eds.). Historicizing the Uses of the Past. Scandinavian Perspectives on History Culture, Historical consciousness and Didactics of History Related to World War II. Berlin; Deutsche Nationalbibliothek, 2011. p. 145-164.
KORTE, Barbara; PALETSCHEK, Sylvia. Historical Edutainment: ¿New Forms and Practices of Popular History? In: CARRETERO, Mario; BERGER, Stefan; GREVER, María (eds). Palgrave Handbook of Research in Historical Culture and Education. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2017. p. 191-205. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-52908-4_4
KRIGER, Miriam. La enseñanza de la historia reciente como herramienta clave de la educación política. Narrativas escolares y memorias sociales del pasado dictatorial argentino en las representaciones de jóvenes estudiantes de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires y conurbano (2010-2011). Persona y Sociedad, v. 25, n. 3, p. 29-52, 2011.
LEBOW, Richard Ned; KANSTEINER, Wulf; FOGU, Claudio. The Politics of Memory in Postwar Europe. Durham (N. C. USA): Duke University Press, 2006. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv11cw204
LÜBBE, Hermann. Esquecimento e Historicizaçâo da memoria. Oblivion and historicization of memory. Estudos Históricos, v. 29, n. 57, p. 285-300, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-21862016000100015
MACDONALD, Sharon. Difficult Heritage. Negotiating the nazi past in Nuremberg and beyond. London: Routledge, 2009.
MIDDLETON, David; BROWN, Steven D. Issues in the socio-cultural study of memory: Making memory matter. In: VALSINER, Jaan; ROSA, Alberto (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of sociocultural psychology (p. 661–677). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511611162.036
MINISTERIO DE EDUCACIÓN. Orientaciones para el mes de la memoria y la democracia 2024. Gobierno de Chile.
NEVES, Joana. Participação da comunidade, ensino de história e cultura histórica. Saeculum. Revista de História, v. 6, n. 7, p. 34-47, 2001.
NORDGREN, Kenneth. How to Do Things With History: Use of History as a Link Between Historical Consciousness and Historical Culture. Theory & Research in Social Education, v. 44, n. 4, p. 479–504, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1080/00933104.2016.1211046
NOSOVA, Hanna. Pierre Nora's Concept of Contrasting Memory and History. International Journal of Philosophy, v. 9, n. 4, p. 216-221, 2021.
OLICK, Jeffrey; ABÁSOLO, Olga. Memoria colectiva y diferenciación cronológica: historiidad y ámbito público. Ayer, n. 32, p. 119-145, 1998.
PRIEM, Karin. Pasts Revisited: The Rise of Public History through Epistemological and Technological Transformations. History of Education & Children’s Literature, v. 19, n. 1, p. 35-44, 2024.
RÜSEN, Jörn. The Didactics of History in West Germany: Towards a New Self-Awareness of Historical Studies. History and Theory, v. 26, n. 3, p. 275-286, 1987.
___. Historical Consciousness: Narrative Structure, Moral Function and Ontogenetic Development. In: SEIXAS, Peter C. (ed.). Theorizing Historical Consciousness. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2004. p. 63-85.
___. ¿Qué es la cultura histórica) Reflexiones sobre una nueva manera de abordar la historia? In: FÜSSMANN, Klaus; GRÜTTER, Heinrich Teodor; RÜSEN, Jörn (eds.) (1994). Historische Fasxination. Gerschichtskultur heute. Böhlau. 2009. p. 3-26. https://culturahistorica.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/rusen-cultura_historica.pdf
RUSSELL, James A. Core affect and the psychological construction of emotion. Psychological Review, v. 110, n. 1, p. 145-172, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.110.1.145
SCHWARZSTEIN, Dora. Memoria e Historia. Desarrollo Económico, v. 42, n. 167, p. 471-482, 2002. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3455848
SEIXAS, Peter C. (Ed.). Theorizing Historical Consciousness. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2004.
___. Historical Consciousness and Historical Thinking. In: CARRETERO, Mario; BERGER, Stephen; GREVER, María (eds.). Palgrave Handbook of Research in Historical Culture and Education. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2017. p. 59-72. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-52908-4_4
STRAUSS, Anselm; CORBIN, Juliet. Bases de la investigación cualitativa. Técnicas y procedimientos para desarrollar la teoría fundamentada. Antioquia: Editorial Universidad de Antioquia, 2002.
TAYLOR, Tony; MACINTYRE, Stuart. Cultural Wars and History Textbooks in Democratic Societies. In: CARRETERO, Mario; BERGER, Stefan; GREVER, María (eds.). Palgrave Handbook of Research in Historical Culture and Education. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2017. p. 613-635. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-52908-4_4
VON BORRIES, Bodo. How to Examine the (Self-)Reflective Effects of Histor y Teaching. In: BJERG, Helle; LENZ, Claudia; THORSTESEN, Erik (eds.), Historicizing the Uses of the Past. Scandinavian Perspectives on History Culture, Historical consciousness and Didactics of History Related to World War II. Berlin: Deutsche Nationalbibliothek, 2011. p. 281-301.
WERTSCH, James V. Specific narratives and schematic narrative templates. In: SEIXAS, Peter C. (ed.). Theorizing Historical Consciousness. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2004. p. 49-62.
___. The narrative organization of collective memory. Ethos, v. 36, n. 1, p. 120–135, 2008. http://www.jstor.org/stable/20486564
WERTSCH, JAMES, V.; BILLINGSLEY, Doc M. The role of narratives in commemoration: Remembering as a mediated action. In: ANHEIER, Helmut; YUDHISHTIR, Raj Isar. Heritage, Memoria and Identity. New York: Sage, 2011 https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446250839.n2
Derechos de autor 2026 Dialogos

Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial 4.0.
DECLARAÇÃO DE ORIGINALIDADE E CESSÃO DE DIREITOS AUTORAIS
Declaro que o presente artigo é original, não tendo sido submetido à publicação em qualquer outro periódico nacional ou internacional, quer seja em parte ou em sua totalidade. Declaro, ainda, que uma vez publicado na revista DIÁLOGOS, editada pela Universidade Estadual de Maringá, o mesmo jamais será submetido por mim ou por qualquer um dos demais co-autores a qualquer outro periódico. Através deste instrumento, em meu nome e em nome dos demais co-autores, porventura existentes, cedo os direitos autorais do referido artigo à Universidade Estadual de Maringá e declaro estar ciente de que a não observância deste compromisso submeterá o infrator a sanções e penas previstas na Lei de Proteção de Direitos Autorias (N. 9609, de 19/02/98).
STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY AND COPYRIGHT CESSION
I declare that the present article is original, has not been submitted for publishing on any other national or international journal, neither partly nor fully. I further declare that, once published on DIÁLOGOS journal, edited by the State University of Maringá, it will never be submitted by me or by any of the other co-authors to another journal. By means of this instrument, on my behalf and on behalf of the other co-authors, if any, I waive the copyright of said article to the State University of Maringá and declare that I am aware that non-compliance with this commitment will subject the violator to sanctions and penalties set forth in the Copyright Protection Law (No 9609, of 19/02/98).










