DYNAMICS SPACE OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY: STATE DEVELOPMENT AND PARTICIPATION UNTIL 1990

Abstract

This article aims to analyse the dynamics spatial of the pharmaceutical industry, based on genesis and development. Was cutted out from the beginning of pharmacology until the twentieth century showing the importance of the field for the world economy and society. The used Methodology was the Bibliographic review with statistical databases reports from the World Health Organization, from the Anvisa, from the pharmaceutical industries and other official regulatory bodies. The pharmaceutical industry is driven by innovation, the state participation and the R&D (Research and Development). Strategies used since the late 19th century like the heavy investments in R&D, the use of marketing, the mergers, and the monopoly formation, enabled the industry to increase profitability. The innovative dynamism of the 1950s and 1970s provided the industry with high profits and throughout the 1980s and 1990s mergers of large laboratories occurred concurrently with the closure of small and medium-sized companies, which failed to compete with large industries  and their innovation processes. From these features, the territorial expansion of these companies makes the large global oligopolies of the sector present in practically all areas of the world, managing medicines supplies to large sections of the population.