Poblaciones microbianas ruminales en novillas alimentadas con Leucaena leucocephala en el Bosque Seco Tropical colombiano.
Abstract
La fermentación y metanogénesis ruminal son procesos metabolicos vitales para los bovinos y son llevados a cabo por poblaciones microbianas, las cuales se afectan por factores como la presencia de metabolitos secundarios, la composición nutricional y la degradabilidad de la dieta. El objetivo de este trabajo fue monitorear las poblaciones de bacterias totales, metanógenos totales y Butirivibrio fibrisolvens en el rumen de novillas raza Lucerna, alimentadas con dietas típicas de un sistema silvopastoril intensivo y un sistema tradicional. Para ello, se colectó contenido ruminal (CR) por vía oral a ocho novillas que consumían 100% Cynodon plectostachyus (control) y 76% C. plectostachyus + 24% Leucaena leucocephala siguiendo un diseño de sobre-cambio. A partir del CR se extrajo y cuantificó ADN mediante PCR cuantitativa. Las poblaciones [Log10 (ng/g CR)] fueron 5.6 y 5.8 para bacterias totales (P= 0.5343), 3.6 y 3.5 para B. fibrisolvens (P= 0.4742), y 5.0 y 5.3 para metanógenos totales (P= 0.2661), para la dieta control y la dieta con leucaena respectivamente. Las poblaciones monitoreadas cuantitativamente no difirieron de manera significativa con la inclusión de L. leucocephala. Esto indica la importancia de investigar la estructura, función e interacciones de las poblaciones más allá del análisis cuantitativo para determinar cómo la dieta afecta las poblaciones microbianas ruminales y su función.
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