<b>Performance of beef cattle bulls in feed lots and fed on diets containing enzymatic complex
Abstract
Current paper evaluates the performance of confined beef cattle supplemented with amylolytic enzyme complex produced by fungus Aspergillus awamori and a commercial product containing multienzyme complex, yeast and MOS. Treatments comprised control (basal diet composed of 16% Mombasa grass silage, 66% ground corn, 3% vitamin nuclear mineral and 15% cottonseed meal), amylase treatment (control diet with the addition of 48.7 saccharifying units kg-1 diet) and compound treatment (control diet with the addition of enzymatic complex composed of 83.2 saccharifying units, 8.8 fibrolytic units, 0.05 g of mannan oligosaccharides and 0.2 g of inactivated yeast Kg-1 of the dry matter diet). The addition of products did not significantly increase daily weight gain, intake, feed conversion and carcass yield of cattle. There was no difference between in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDMD) in the diets. The percentage of residual fecal starch was not influenced by exogenous amylolytic enzymes of amylase and compound treatments. The tested products were not able to improve animal performance.
Downloads
References
ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS – AOAC. Official methods of analysis, 15.ed., 1990.
BACH KNUDSEN, K.E.; JOHANSEN, H.N.; GLITSO, V. Methods for analysis of dietary fiber - advantage and limitations. Journal Animal Feed Science, v. 67, p. 185–206, 1997.
BARAJAS, R.; ZINN, R. A. The feeding value of dry-rolled and steam-flaked corn in finishing diets for feedlot cattle: Influence of protein supplementation. Journal of Animal Science, v. 76, n. 7, p. 1744–1752, 1998.
BEAUCHEMIN, K. A.; COLOMBATTO, D.; MORGAVI, P. D.; YANG, Z. W. Use of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes to improve feed utilization by ruminants. Journal of Animal Science, v. 81, suppl. 2, p. 37-47, 2003.
BOWMAN, G. R.; BEAUCHEMIN,K. A.; SHELFORD, J. A. The proportion of the diet to which fibrolytic enzymes are added affects nutrient digestion by lactating dairy cows. Journal Dairy Science,v. 85, n. 12, p. 3420–3429, 2002.
CHANDRASHEKAR, A.; MAZHAR, H. The biochemical basis and implications of grain strength in sorghum and maize. Journal Cereal Science, v.30, p.193-207, 1999.
COLOMBATTO, D.; MORGAVI, D. P.; FURTADO, BEAUCHEMIN, K. A. Screening of exogenous enzyme for ruminant diets: relationship between biochemical characteristics and in vitro ruminal degradation. Journal Animal Science, v. 81, n. 10, p. 2628 – 2638, 2003.
DEHORITY, B.A.; TIRABASSO, P.A. Effect of ruminal cellulolyticbacterial concentrations on in situdigestion of roughagecellulose. Journal of Animal Science, v.76, n.11, p. 2905-2911, 1998.
DEPENBUSH, B. E.; NAGARAJA, T. G.; SARGEANT, J.M.; DROUILLARD, J. S.; LOE, E. R.; CORRIGAN, M. E. Influence of processed grains on fecal pH, starch concentration, and shedding of Escherichia coli O157 in feedlot cattle. Journal of Animal Science, v. 86, p. 632-639, 2008.
GENCOGLU, H.; SHAVER, R. D.; STEINBERG W.; ENSINK, J.; FERRRARETO, L. F.; BERTICS, S. J.; LOPES, J. C.; AKINS, M. S. Effect of feeding a reduced-starch diet with or without amylase addition on lactation performance in dairy cows. Journal Dairy Science, v. 93, p. 723–732, 2010.
HRISTOV, A. N.; McALLISTER, T.A.; CHENG, K. J. Intraruminal supplementation with increasing levels of exogenous polisacharide-degrading enzymes: effects on nutrient digestion in cattle feed barley grain diets. Journal of Animal Science, v.78, n. 2, p.477- 487, 2000.
HRISTOV, A. N.; BASEL, C. E.; MELGAR, A.; FOLEY, A. E.; ROPP, J. K.; HUNT, C.W.; TRICARICO, J. M. Effect of exogenous polysaccharide-degrading enzyme preparations on ruminal fermentation and digestibility of nutrients in dairy cows. Animal Feed Science and Technology, n. 145, p. 182 – 193, 2008.
HUNTINGTON, G. B. Starch utilization by ruminants: from basics to the bunk. Journal of Animal Science, v. 75, n. 2, p.852-867, 1997.
MARTINS, A.S.; VIEIRA, P.F.; BERCHIELLI, T.T.; PRADO, I.N. Degradação ruminal da silagem de milho e da palha de arroz utilizando enzimas fibrolíticas exógenas. Acta Scientiarum Animal Science, v. 30, n. a, p. 435-442, 2008.
MILLER, G. L. Use of dinitosalicylic acid reagent for the determination of reducing sugar. Analytical Chemistry, v. 31, p. 426-428, 1959.
NASCIMENTO, M.L.; PAULINO, M.F.; DETMANN, E. Fontes de energia em suplementos múltiplos para recria de novilhos mestiços em pastejo durante o período de transição seca/águas: desempenho produtivo e características nutricionais. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, v. 38, n. 6, p. 1133-1141, 2009.
NOZIÈRE, P.; STEINBERG, W.; SILBERBERG, M.; MORGAVI, D.P. Amylase addition increases starch ruminal digestion in first-lactation cows fed high and low starch diets. Journal Dairy Science, v. 97, n. 4, p. 2319-2328, 2014.
ORSKOV, E.R.; McDONALD, I. The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements weighted according to rate of passage. Journal of Agriculture Science, v. 92, n. 2, p. 499-503, 1979.
REGAZZI, A. J. Teste para identificar a igualdade de parâmetros e a identidade de modelos de regressão não linear. Revista Ceres, v. 50, n. 287, p. 9-26, 2003.
ROJO RUBIO, R.; MARTÍNEZ, G. D. M.; GALVÁN, M. M. C. Uso de La amilasa termoestable de Bacillus licheniformis em La digestibilidad “in vitro” Del almidón de sorgo e maíz. Agrociência, v. 35, n. 4, p. 423-427, 2001.
ROJO RUBIO, R., Mendoza, G.D., Gonzalez, S.S., Landois, L., Barcena, R., Crosby, M.M., Effects of exogenous amylases from Bacillus licheniformis and Aspergillus niger on ruminal starch digestion and lamb performance. Animal Feed Science Technology, v. 124, p. 655–665, 2005.
ROJO RUBIO, R.; MARTÍNEZ, G. D. M.; VALDEZ, O. D. M.; REBOLLAR, S.; JIMÉNEZ, D. C.; MARTÍNEZ, J. H.; RAZO, F. G. Enzimas amilolíticas exógenas en la alimentación de rumiantes. Universidad y Ciencia, v. 23, n. 2, p. 173-182, 2007.
TILLEY, J. M. A.; TERRY, R. A. A two stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops. Journal British Grassland Society, v. 18, n. 2, p. 104-111, 1963.
TRICARICO, J. M., J. D. JOHNSTON, K. A. DAWSON, K. C. HANSON, K. R. MCLEOD, AND D. L. HARMON. The effects of an Aspergillus oryzae extract containing alpha-amylase activity on ruminal fermentation and milk production in lactating Holstein cows. British Society of Animal Science. v. 81, p. 365–374, 2005.
TRICARICO, J.M.; ABNEY, M.D.; GALYEAN, M.L.; RIVERA, J.D.; HANSON, K.C.; MCLEOD, K.R.; HARMON, D.L. Effects of a dietary Aspergillus oryzae extract containing alpha-amylase activity on performance and carcass characteristics of finishing beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science, v. 85, n. 3, p. 802–811, 2007.
VAN SOEST, P.J.; ROBERTSON, J.B.; LEWIS, B.A. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polyssacarides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, v. 74, n. 10, p. 3583-3597, 1991.
WALLACE, R.J. Ruminal microbiology, biotechnology, and ruminant nutrition: progress and problems. Journal of Animal Science, v. 72, n. 11, p. 2992-3003, 1994.
WEISS, W. P.; STEINBERG, W.; ENGSTROM, M. A. milk production and nutrient digestibility by dairy cows when fed exogenous amylase with coarsely ground dry corn. Journal Dairy Science, v. 94, n. 5, p.2492-2499, 2011
YANG, W. Z.; BEAUCHEMIN, K. A.; RODE, L. M. Effects of grain processing, forage to concentrate ratio, and forage particle size on rumen pH and digestion by dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, v. 84, n. 10, p. 2203-2216, 2001.
ZINN, R. A.; OWENS, F. N.; WARE, R. A. Flaking corn: processing mechanics, quality standards, and impacts on energy availability and performance of feedlot cattle. Journal of Animal Science, v. 80, n. 5, p.1145-1156, 2002.
DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY AND COPYRIGHTS
- I Declare that current article is original and has not been submitted for publication, in part or in whole, to any other national or international journal.
The copyrights belong exclusively to the authors. Published content is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) guidelines, which allows sharing (copy and distribution of the material in any medium or format) and adaptation (remix, transform, and build upon the material) for any purpose, even commercially, under the terms of attribution.
Read this link for further information on how to use CC BY 4.0 properly.
