Low-purity crude glycerin as a nutrient substitute for corn: the effect on yields of goat organs and viscera
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the inclusion of low-purity crude glycerin (CG, 63.1% of glycerol) in the diets of feedlot-finished goats on the weights and yields of the non-carcass components, with are frequently used in regionals dishes (buchada and panelada). Forty castrated male goats with the initial mean body weight of 19.70 ± 2.30 kg were used. Experimental treatments consisted of inclusion of CG at levels of 0, 6, 12, and 18%, based on dry matter. The weights of the lungs, spleen, total organs (TWO), and TWO yield, as a function of the slaughter body weight, decreased linearly. It was shown that the rumen portion of the weight showed a quadratic effect, at the level of 10.71% of CG, with a minimum point of 0.37 kg. Similar behavior was observed for the reticulum, with a minimum point of 0.08 kg, at the level of 7.5% of CG. The weights and yields of the buchada and panelada were negatively influenced by the experimental diets. Low-purity crude glycerin may partially replace corn and be included in up to 6% of the dry matter of the finished goats' feedlot diet without adversely affecting weights and yields of organs, viscera, and regional dishes, such as buchada and panelada.
Downloads
References
AbuGhazaleh, A. A., Abo El-Nor, S., & Ibrahim, S. A. (2010). The effect of replacing corn with glycerol on ruminal bacteria in continuous culture fermenters. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 95(3), 313-319. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2010.01056.x
Batista, N. L., & Souza, B. B. (2015). Caprinovinocultura no semiárido brasileiro - fatores limitantes e ações de mitigação. Agropecuária Científica no Semiárido, 11(2), 01-09. doi: 10.30969/acsa.v11i1.522.
Benedeti, P. D. B., Paulino, P. V. R., Marcondes, M. I., Maciel, I. F. S., Silva, M. C., & Faciola, A. P. (2016). Partial Replacement of Ground Corn with Glycerol in Beef Cattle Diets: Intake, Digestibility, Performance, and Carcass Characteristics. PLoS One 11(1), e0148224. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148224
Benedeti, P. D. B., Silva, L. G., Paula, E. M., Shenkoru, T., Marcondes, M. I., Monteiro, H. F., ... Faciola, A. P. (2015). Effects of Partial Replacement of Corn with Glycerin on Ruminal Fermentation in a Dual-Flow Continuous Culture System. PLoS One 10(11), e0143201. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143201
Brasil, L., Queiroz, A., Silva, J., Bezerra, T., Arcanjo, N., Magnani, M., … Madruga, M. (2014). Microbiological and nutritional quality of the goat meat by‐product “sarapatel”. Molecules, 19(1), 1047-1059. doi: 10.3390/molecules19011047
Camilo, D. A., Pereira, E. S., Pimentel, P. G., Costa, M. R. G. F., Mizubuti, I. Y., Ribeiro, E. L. A., ... Moreno, G. M. B. (2012). Peso e rendimento dos componentes não-carcaça de ovinos Morada Nova alimentados com diferentes níveis de energia metabolizável. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 33(6), 2429-2440. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2012v33n6p2429
Carvalho, V. B., Leite, R. F., Almeida, M. T. C., Paschoaloto, J. R., Carvalho, E. B., Lanna, D. P. D., ... Ezequiel, J. M. B. (2015). Carcass characteristics and meat quality of lambs fed high concentrations of crude glycerin in low-starch diets. Meat Science, 110, 285-292. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.08.001
Cezar, M. F., & Sousa, W. H. (2007). Carcaças ovinas e caprinas: obtenção, avaliação e classificação. Uberaba, MG: Editora Agropecuária Tropical.
Clementino, R. H., Souza, W. H., Medeiros, A. N., Cunha, M. G. G., Neto, S. G., Carvalho, F. F. R., & Cavalcante, M. A. B. (2007). Influência dos níveis de concentrado sobre os cortes comerciais. os constituintes não carcaça e os componentes da perna de cordeiros confinados. Revista Brasileira Zootecnia, 36(3), 681-688. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982007000300023
Costa, H. H. A., Saliba, E. O. S., Galvani, D. B., Landim, A. V., Lima, L. D., Borges, A. L. C. C., ... Silva, F. A. (2018). Efeito da suplementação com sulfato de zinco ou propilenoglicol em ovinos em uma pastagem nativa da Caatinga no período chuvoso: desempenho, características da carcaça e da carne. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 70(3), 993-1003. doi: 10.1590/1678-4162-8998
Cruz, O. T. B., Valero, M. V., Zawadzki, F., Rivaroli, D. C., Prado, R. M., Lima, B. S., & Prado, I. N. (2014). Effect of glycerine and essential oils (Anacardium occidentale and Ricinus communis) on animal performance, feed efficiency and carcass characteristics of crossbred bulls finished in a feedlot system. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 13(4), 3492. doi: 10.4081/ijas.2014.3492
Eiras, C. E., Barbosa, L. P., Marques, J. A., Lima, B. S., Zawadzki, F., Perotto, D., & Prado, I. N. (2014). Glycerine levels in the diets of crossbred bulls finished in feedlot: apparent digestibility, feed intake and animal performance. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 197, 222-226. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.07.004
Food and Drug Administration [FDA] (2006). Code of Federal Regulations,Title 21-Food and Drugs. Retrieved from http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2002/aprqtr/21cfr582.1320.htm
Fontenele, R. M., Pereira, E. S., Pimentel, P. G., & Mizubuti, I. Y. (2010). Níveis de energia metabolizável em rações de ovinos Santa Inês: peso dos órgãos internos e do trato digestório. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 31(4), 1095-1104. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2010v31n4p1095
Hales, K. E., Bondurant, R. G., Luebbe, M. K., Cole, N. A., & Macdonald, J. C. (2013). Effects of crude glycerin in steam-flaked corn-based diets fed to growing feed lot cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 91(8), 3875-3880. doi: 10.2527/jas.2012-596 5944
Jenkins, T. C. (1993). Lipid metabolism in the rumen. Journal of Dairy Science, 76(12), 3851-3863. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(93)77727-9.
Köppen, W., & Geiger, R. (1928). Klimate der Erde. Gotha, AL: Verlag Justus Perthes.
Kosloski, G. V. (2002). Bioquímica dos ruminantes (2a ed.). Santa Maria, RS: Revista ampliada.
Kozloski, G. V. (2016). Bioquímica dos ruminantes (3a ed.). Santa Maria, RS: Revista ampliada.
Lage, J. F., Vito, E. S., Reis, R. A., Delevatti, L. M., Pierre, N. S., & Berchielli, T. T. (2017). Ruminal fermentation of Nellore steers fed crude glycerine replacing starch vs. fibre-based energy ingredient in low or high concentrate diets. Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences, 39(1), 57-64. doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v39i1.32895
Lage, J. F., Paulino, P. V. R., Pereira, L. G. R., Valadares Filho, S. C., Oliveira, A. S., Detmann, E., ... Lima, J. C. M. (2010). Glicerina bruta na dieta de cordeiros terminados em confinamento. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 45(9), 1012-1020. doi: 10.1590/S0100-204X2010000900011
Mach, N., Bach, A., & Devant, M. (2009). Effects of crude glycerin supplementation on performance and meat quality of Holstein bulls fed high-concentrate diets. Journal of Animal Science, 87(2), 632-638. doi: 10.2527/jas.2008-0987
Medeiros, G. R., Carvalho, F. F. R., Ferreira, M. A., Alves, K. S., Mattos, C. W., Saraiva, T. A., & Nascimento, J. F. (2008). Efeito dos níveis de concentrado sobre os componentes não carcaça de ovinos Morada Nova em confinamento. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 37(6), 1063-1071. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982008000600017
Moreno, G. M. B., Silva Sobrinho, A. G., Leão, A. G., Perez, H. L., Loureiro, C. M. B., & Pereira, G. T. (2011). Non-carcass components yield of lambs fed corn silage or sugar cane under two levels of concentrate. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 40(12), 2878-2885. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982011001200035
National Research Council [NRC]. (2007). Nutrient requirements of small ruminants: sheep, goats, cervids, and new world camelids. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
Ockerman, H. W., & Basu, L. (2004). Carcass chilling and boning. In W.K. Jensen (Ed.), Encyclopedia of meat sciences, Oxford, MS: Elsevier.
Parsons, G. L., Shelor, M. K., & Drouillard, J. S. (2009). Performance and carcass traits of finishing heifers fed crude glycerin. Journal of Animal Science, 87(2), 653-657. doi: 10.2527/jas.2008-1053.
Pol, A., & Demeyer, D. I. (1988). Fermentation of methanol in the sheep rumen. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 54(3), 832‑834.
Pinto, T. F., Costa, R. G., Medeiros, N. A., Medeiros, G. R., Azevedo, P. S., Oliveira, R. L., & Treviño, I. H. (2011). Use of cactus pear (Opuntia fícus indica, Mill) replacing corn on carcass characteristics and non-carcass components in Santa Inês lambs. Revista Brasileira Zootecnia, 40(6), 1333-1338. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982011000600023
Queiroz, A. L. M., Brasil, L. M. S., Silva, J., Magnani, M., Souza, E. L., & Madruga, M. S. (2013). Microbiological and nutritional quality of “buchada caprina”, an edible goat meat by-product. Small Ruminant Research, 115, 62-66. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2013.08.006
Statistical Analysis System [SAS]. (2009). SAS/STAT: user’s guide. Version 9.2. Cary, NC: SAS Institute.
Santos, N. M., Costa, R. G., Medeiros, A. N., Madruga, M. S., & Gonzaga Neto, S. (2005). Caracterização dos componentes comestíveis não constituintes da carcaça de caprinos e ovinos. Agropecuária Técnica, 26(2), 77-85.
Silva, D. G., Macedo, V. P., Silveira, M. F., Fluck, A. C., Costa, O. A. D., Piran Filho, F.A, ... Franzosi, P. (2019) Non-carcass component yield of lambs finished in distinct production systems. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 40(3), 1215-1224. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n3p1215
Silva, U. L., Pereira Filho, J. M., Bandeira, P. A. V., Cordão, M. A., Ferreira, R. C. & Ramos, J. M. (2016) Carcass and non-carcass componentes of lambs fed with Cenchrus ciliares and Mimosa tenuiflora. Revista Brasileira de Ciências Agrárias, 11(4), 381-387. doi: 10.5039/agraria.v11i4a5398
Singh, S. P., Dass, G., Natesan, R., Kushwah, Y., Sharma, N., & Kumar, A. (2018). Endocrine and hematobiochemical profile of lambs raised in a semiarid region with different growth potentials during the postweaning period. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 42, 120-129. Doi:10.3906/vet-1709-38
Toldrá, F., Aristoy, M. C., Mora, L., & Reig, M. (2012). Innovations in valueaddition of edible meat by products. Meat Science, 92(3), 290-296. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.04.004
DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY AND COPYRIGHTS
- I Declare that current article is original and has not been submitted for publication, in part or in whole, to any other national or international journal.
The copyrights belong exclusively to the authors. Published content is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY 4.0) guidelines, which allows sharing (copy and distribution of the material in any medium or format) and adaptation (remix, transform, and build upon the material) for any purpose, even commercially, under the terms of attribution.
Read this link for further information on how to use CC BY 4.0 properly.
