Spatio-temporal evolution of gestational and congenital syphilis in the state of Paraná

Abstract

Objective: to compare sociodemographic characteristics, distribution and spatial association of gestational and congenital syphilis in Paraná in 2008 and 2018. Methods: ecological study with cases of gestational syphilis (GS) and congenital syphilis (CS) reported in the years 2008 and 2018 in the Information System of Notifiable Diseases of the State of Paraná. Data were analyzed through descriptive analysis, distribution and spatio-temporal association, using techniques called Getis-Ord General G and Getis-Ord Gi*. Results: GS increased from 194 cases in 2008 to 2,828 in 2018, and CS from 85 cases to 880 in 2018, mainly among pregnant women of white race/color and aged between 20 and 39 years. In 2008, there were more diagnoses among women with less than eight years of study and primary clinical classification. In 2018, with more than eight years of study and latent clinical classification. For CS, in both years, predominated children of white race/ color, age group up to six days of life and recent CS. The spatio-temporal analysis showed a higher prevalence in the East and West macro-regions of the state of Paraná. Conclusions: The lower the educational level, the greater the probability for the development of the disease among pregnant women and, consequently, for their children. The profile of pregnant women and the spaces of greater occurrence favor the planning and execution of localized actions for diagnosis and health education.