Effects of physical exercise on Type 1 Diabetes mellitus: a systematic review of clinical and randomized tests

Abstract

Type 1 Diabetes mellitus (DM1) is characterized as chronic autoimmune pathology. Physical exercise (PE) is considered a positive strategy in DM1 therapy. The aim of the study was to systematize scientific evidence linking EF interventions in individuals with DM1. This is a systematic review of the literature, from clinical and randomized studies. A survey was carried out in indexed journals in the PUBMED, SCOPUS, COCHRANE, LILACS and SCIELO databases. The Descritors Health Sciences used were: diabetes mellitus, type 1 AND exercise and their correspondents in portuguese and spanish. We included 28 articles published between the years 2012 and 2016. All studies addressed the relationship between pathology management and different types, frequency, volume, duration and intensity of exercises. Different subjects were approached, such as: artificial pancreas, diet, supplementation, insulin and hypoglycemia. One of the great challenges to ensure good management of DM1 with EF practice is related to glycemic control and hypoglycemia during, shortly after or after intervention. The aerobic, resisted, pilates and intermittent PE, along with adequate diet, meal times and supplementation were effective in managing the various metabolic and clinical variables of patients with DM1.