The empirical-transcendental nature of Herman Dooyeweerd's general theory of modal aspects
Abstract
There is a contemporary trend to apply the General Theory of Modal Aspects developed by Herman Dooyeweerd to different areas of knowledge. However, such uses do not always pay attention to the complexities of the theory, especially its empirical-transcendental nature and its broader framework in the Philosophy of the Cosmonomic Idea. This article is the outcome of qualitative bibliographic research with a basic, descriptive, and explanatory nature.The research adopted a survey of bibliographic data as its data collection instrument.The article seeks to demonstrate that the strictly methodological applications of the General Theory of Modal Aspects are limited for the following reasons: (1) terms such as ‘ontology’, ‘transcendental’ and ‘law’ are used without further clarification; (2) the ontic nature of modal aspects, of being meaning, permeates traditional ways of dividing philosophy into subdisciplines; (3) Dooyeweerd's ideas have a high degree of complexity in themselves; and (4) the idea of totality has a double connotation: one temporal (as cosmic coherence), the other as supratemporality. To this end, we have organized the article into four sections. In section 1 we briefly present the applications of the General Theory of Modal Aspects, specifically the work developed in Brazil in the fields of Education and Philosophy of Science. In section 2, we present some principles and assumptions of Dooyeweerd's thought and situate his General Theory of Modal Aspects within the Philosophy of the Cosmonomic Idea. In section 3 we discuss the idea of reality ordered by laws. In the last section, we highlight the boundaries of the methodological approach of this article in relation to the author's broader religious horizon of thought. We conclude by showing that Dooyeweerd's work contains an empirical-transcendental dimension, which concerns a priori totalities that structure reality and can only be known and affirmed through experience.
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