Styloid Complex in Clinical Dental Practice: Narrative Review
Abstract
Objective: To review the scientific literature on the anatomy of the styloid complex and its anatomical variations, emphasizing calcification of the stylohyoid ligament and elongation of the styloid process, highlighting their clinical implications and imaging diagnostic methods. Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted, including studies related to the anatomy of the stylohyoid complex, etiological factors of calcifications, and imaging examinations used for diagnosis. Results: The stylohyoid complex consists of the styloid process, stylohyoid ligament, and hyoid bone. Alterations such as styloid process elongation and ligament calcification may be associated with aging, congenital predisposition, or trauma, potentially causing cervicofacial symptoms. Cone-beam computed tomography demonstrates higher diagnostic accuracy, while panoramic radiography remains useful as a screening method. Conclusion: Recognition of these anatomical alterations contributes to the differential diagnosis of cervicofacial pain and supports appropriate clinical planning.
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References
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