Care for people with psychological distress and its repercussions on the family
Abstract
Objective: to understand how the daily care of people in psychological distress affects the life of the family caregiver and to measure the level of caregiver burden. Method: this is an exploratory and descriptive study with a mixed approach. Data was collected using a semistructured interview and the Zarit Burden Interview with 15 family members of people in psychological distress who were followed up at a CAPS III unit in a city in the metropolitan region of Salvador. Data were collected between February and August 2021, organized and analyzed using the Thematic Content Analysis technique and discussed based on existing literature. Results: the correlation of the variables revealed the level of objective and subjective burden, in addition to the feelings expressed by these family members. Six family members had moderate to severe burden according to the ZBI scale, with scores ranging from 43 to 54. The units of meaning gave rise to three thematic categories, which were presented in the infographic and illustrate how the daily care of people with psychological distress affects the lives of family caregivers. Final considerations: the study revealed that care for people in psychological distress has been carried out mainly by black women, reflecting gender and race inequalities, and that this care involves ambivalent feelings and expectations, varying levels of burden, and the need for social and state support.
Downloads
References
Ferreira TPS, Samapio J, Oliveira IL, Gome LB. A família no cuidado em saúde mental: desafios para a produção de vidas. Saúde debate. 2019; 43(121): 441-449. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-1104201912112.
Giacomini K, Alexandre LA, Rotoli A, Pinheuro JM. Family challenges in care of the person with disorder mental: na integrative review. Research, Society and Development. 2022; 11(6): e13311628816. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i6.28816
Matos-de-Souza R, Medrado ACC. On bodies as object: a postcolonial Reading of the ‘Brazilian Holocaust’. Saúde debate. 2021; 45(128): 168-177. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-1104202112813
Sampaio ML, Júnior JPB. Entre o enclausuramento e a desinstitucionalização: a trajetória da saúde mental no Brasil. Trab. Educ. Saúde. 2021; 19: e00313145. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-7746-sol00313
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretária de Atenção à Saúde. Departamento de Ações Programáticas Estratégicas. Saúde Mental no SUS: Os Centro de Atenção Psicossocial. Brasília (DF): Ministério da Saúde; 2004:86.
Nascimento LA, Leão A. Estigma social e estigma internalizado: a voz das pessoas com transtorno mental e os enfrentamentos necessários. Hist. Ciênc. Saúde-Manguinhos. 2019; 26(1): 103-121. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-59702019000100007
Scazufca M. Brazilian version of the Burden Interview scale for the assessment of burden of care in carers of people with mental illnesses. Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr. 2002; 24(1): 12-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-44462002000100006.
Nascimento JMF do, Neto FJC, Júnior DNV, Braz ZR, Júnior IGC, Ferreira ACC, et al. Therapeutic listening: a technology of mental health care. J Nurs UFPE on line. 2020; 14: e244257. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963.2020.244257
Rocha THR, Paula JG de, Castro FC. Laços e histórias: a reforma psiquiátrica e as relações afetivas entre familiars de sujeitos psicóticos. Vinculo. 2021; 18(1): 95-105. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32467/issn.1982-1492v18n1p95-105
Kantorski LP, Cardano M, Borges LR, Machado RA. The daily pratices as key in mental health intervention. Esc. Anna Nery. 2021; 25(1): e20190379. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-9465-EAN-2019-0373
Oliveira JLC, Magalhães AMM, Matsuda LM, Santos JLG, Souto RQ, Riboldi CO, et al. Mixed methods appraisal tool: strengthening the methodological rigor of mixed methods research studies in nursing. Texto Contexto Enferm. 2021; 30:20200603. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2020-0603
Souza VR, Marziale MH, Silva GT, Nascimento PL. Translation and validation into Brazilian Portuguese and assessment of the COREQ. Acta Paul. Enferm. 2021; 34: eAPE02631. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37689/acta-ape/2021AO02631
Moura CO, Silva RI, Silva TP, Santos KA, Crespo MCA, Silva MM. Methodological path to reach the degree of saturation in qualitative research: grounded theory. Rev. Bras. Enferm. 2022; 75(2):e20201379. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-1379
Bardin L. Análise de Conteúdo. 1ª. ed. São Paulo, SP: Edições 70: 2016.
Ronsani APV, Siqueira DF, Mello AL, Terra MG, Cattani NA, Walter LS. Caring for the person with mental disorder according to the family’s understanding. R. pesq.: cuid. fundam. online. 2020; 12: 793-799. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9789/2175-5361.rpcfo.v12.7469
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Desigualdades Sociais por Cor ou Raça no Brasil. Estudos e Pesquisas: Informação Demográfica e Socioeconômica [Internet]. 2019 [acesso em: 28 fev. 2022]; 41. Avaliable from: https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/visualizacao/livros/liv101681_informativo.pdf
Fava MC, Silva NR, Silva ML. Avaliação da sobrecarga em cuidadores familiares de pacientes de um centro de atenção psicossocial. Barbaroi. 2015; 2(41): 41-55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17058/barbaroi.v2i41.4690
Vasconcelos MS, Barbosa VFB. Knowledge of managers and professionals of the psychosocial care network on mental health matrixing. Ciênc., Cuid. Saúde. 2019; 18(4): e43922. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4025/ciencuidsaude.v18i4.43922
Matos SS, Quadros MT, Silva ACR. A negociação do acesso ao Benefício de Prestação Continuada por crianças com Síndrome Congênita do Zika Vírus em Pernambuco. Anu. Antropól. 2019; 44(2): 229-260. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/aa.3993
Dalgalarrondo P. Psicopatologia e Semiologia dos Transtornos Mentais. 3ª. ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed: 2019.
Bianchi M, Flesch LD, Alves EVC, Batistoni SSD, Neri AL. Zarit Burden Interview psychometric indicators applied in older people caregivers of other elderly. Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem. 2016; 24: 28-35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.1379.2835
Copyright (c) 2023 Ciência, Cuidado e Saúde
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
