Aspectos éticos de las intervenciones psicológicas online en Brasil: situación actual y desafíos
Resumen
Las intervenciones psicológicas online fueron reguladas en Brasil en 2000, la última actualización fue en 2012, con la Resolución del Consejo Federal de Psicología (CFP) Nº 011/2012. El principal avance fue permitir el asesoramiento online, limitado a 20 sesiones. Sin embargo, las implicaciones de las intervenciones psicológicas online y los reglamentos aún no han recibido la debida atención en la literatura brasileña especializada. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar los puntos críticos de la Resolución N° 011/2012 de lo CFP. Estos puntos se discuten a la luz de estudios internacionales acerca de la psicoterapia online y en comparación con las reglas vigentes en otros países. El análisis indicó que las consultas online ya están bien establecidas en países como Suecia, Australia, Holanda y Reino Unido, con el apoyo de estudios empíricos de eficacia, efectividad, y los aspectos éticos como el secreto y la confidencialidad. Se concluye que las directrices de lo CFP siguen en cierta medida las políticas y acciones de las asociaciones y organizaciones profesionales de otros países. Sin embargo, hay elementos que necesitan ser actualizados, como la forma de definir lo que es el asesoramiento, aclarar cómo contabilizar los encuentros asíncronos, especificar las situaciones contempladas por la Resolución, establecer el número de encuentros virtuales para los clientes que viajan o que no pueden asistir a las sesiones presenciales, e informar los parámetros a partir del cual se podrán establecer los honorarios. Por último, se argumenta la relevancia de algún tipo de certificación para los psicólogos que prestan asistencia online, teniendo en cuenta que la interfaz con la tecnología expande el campo profesional y el ámbito de la asistencia psicológica.Descargas
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