Physical exercise in adults with metabolic syndrome: a integrative review
Resumo
Introduction:Metabolic Syndrome is a condition marked by risk factors that raise the chances of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Objective: This integrative review aimed to analyze the effects of physical exercise on adults with Metabolic Syndrome. Method: A literature search was conducted in Google Scholar, LILACS, MEDLINE, SciELO, and PubMed, applying specific inclusion criteria: randomized studies, adults aged 18–60, diagnosed with Metabolic Syndrome, published between 2009 and 2019, and from Latin American countries. Results: Of the 1,161 studies initially found, seven met the criteria. The results show that physical exercise plays a key role in reducing risk factors, with benefits including weight loss, lower blood pressure, increased HDL, reduced abdominal circumference, improved endothelial function, and reduced insulin resistance. Conclusion: Aerobic exercise, even in the short term, stands out as a crucial non-pharmacological intervention that enhances physical fitness and health outcomes in individuals with Metabolic Syndrome.
Downloads
Referências
World Health Organization (WHO). Globalization, diets and noncommunicable diseases. Geneva: WHO; 2002. p. 185.
Schmidt MI, Duncan BB, Azevedo e Silva G, Menezes AM, Monteiro CA, Barreto SM, et al. Doenças crônicas não transmissíveis no Brasil: carga e desafios atuais. Lancet. 2011; 9:377(9781):1949-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60135-9.
Ferranti S, Mozaffarian D. The perfect storm: obesity, adipocyte dysfunction, and metabolic consequences. Clin Chem. 2008;54(6):945-55.
Neeland IJ, Lim S, Tchernof A, Gastaldelli A, Rangaswami J, Ndumele CE, et al. Metabolic syndrome. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2024 Oct 17;10(1):77. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-024-00563-5.
Eckel RH, Alberti KGMM, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ. The metabolic syndrome. Lancet. 2010;375:181-3.
Reaven G. Metabolic syndrome: pathophysiology and implications for management of cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2002;106(3):286-8.
Pitsavos C, Panagiotakos D, Weinem M, Stefanadis C. Diet, exercise and the metabolic syndrome. Rev Diabet Stud. 2006;3(3):118-26.
Rizzo M, Rizvi AA. New Advances in Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jul 30;25(15):8311. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158311.
Balary GJ; American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM’s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription. 6th ed. Philadelphia, London: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000.
Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia. IV Diretriz Brasileira Sobre Dislipidemias e Prevenção da Aterosclerose. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2007;88(Supl I):2-19.
Kissebah AH, Krakower GR. Regional adiposity and mortality. Physiol Rev. 1994;74:761-811.
Grundy SM, Brewer HB Jr, Cleeman JI, Smith SC Jr, Lenfant C. Definition of Metabolic Syndrome: Report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/American Heart Association Conference on Scientific Issues Related to Definition. Circulation. 2004;109(3):433-8.
Szwarcwald CL, Souza-Júnior PBR, Damacena GN. Socioeconomic inequalities in the use of outpatient services in Brazil according to health care need: evidence from the World Health Survey. BMC Health Serv Res. 2010;10:217.
Zhang YB, Pan XF, Chen J, Cao A, Xia L, Zhang Y, et al. Combined lifestyle factors, all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2021;75(1):92-9. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2020-214050.
Nicholls M. Optimizing Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Eur Heart J. 2021;42(35):3420-1. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehab303.
Kawamoto R, Tabara Y, Kohara K, Miki T, Kusunoki T, Ntakayama S, et al. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels are synergistically associated with metabolic syndrome in community-dwelling persons. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2010;9:87-97.
Chen J, Gu D, Chen CS, Wu X, Hamm LL, Muntner P, et al. Association between the metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease in Chinese adults. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007;22:1100-6. https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfl759.
Soares TS, Piovesan CH, Gustavo AS, Macagnan FE, Bodanese LC, Feoli AMP. Alimentary habits, physical activity, and Framingham Global Risk Score in metabolic syndrome. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2014;102(4):374-82.
Mahmood SS, Levy D, Vasan RS, Wang TJ. The Framingham Heart Study and the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease: a historical perspective. Lancet. 2014;383(9921):999-1008. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61752-3.
Péres-Idárraga A, Gómez KV, Villenas JG, Sosa MA, Velásquez MAQ. Intervención con rumba y educación nutricional para modificar factores de riesgo cardiovascular en adultos con síndrome metabólico. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2015;37(1):29-37.
Dieli-Conwright CM, Mortimer JE, Schroeder ET, Courneya K, Wahnefried WD, Buchanan T, et al. Randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effects of combined progressive exercise on metabolic syndrome in breast cancer survivors: rationale, design, and methods. BMC Cancer. 2014;14:238. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-14-238.
Stensvold D, Tjønna AE, Skaug EA, Aspenes S, Stølen T, Wisløff U, Slørdahl SA. Strength training versus aerobic interval training to modify risk factors of metabolic syndrome. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2010 Apr;108(4):804-10. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00996.2009.
Layne AS, Nasrallah S, South MA, Howell MEA, McCurry MP, Ramsey MW, et al. Impaired muscle AMPK activation in the metabolic syndrome may attenuate improved insulin action after exercise training. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(6):1815-26.
Copyright (c) 2025 Arquivos do Mudi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
DECLARAÇÃO DE ORIGINALIDADE E DIREITOS AUTORAIS
Declaro que o presente artigo é original, não tendo sido submetido à publicação em qualquer outro periódico nacional ou internacional, quer seja em parte ou em sua totalidade.
Os direitos autorais pertencem exclusivamente aos autores. Os direitos de licenciamento utilizados pelo periódico é a licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC BY ): são permitidos o acompartilhamento (cópia e distribuição do material em qualqer meio ou formato) e adaptação (remix, transformação e criação de material a partir do conteúdo assim licenciado para quaisquer fins, inclusive comerciais.
Recomenda-se a leitura desse link para maiores informações sobre o tema: fornecimento de créditos e referências de forma correta, entre outros detalhes cruciais para uso adequado do material licenciado.
