AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS: WHERE WE ARE AND WHERE WE ARE GOING
Abstract
The diffusion of scientific knowledge about autism can be explained trough the increasing number of researches on this disorder in the last decades, implying in recent updates in its classification, understanding and intervention. The purpose of this paper is to present a literature review on autism highlighting how the recent investigative advances that have shed light on the understanding of the disorder. It reports historically how the first diagnostic criteria were being improved, supplemented and supplanted in the medical classification manuals, based on research until DSM-5. A review of empirical researches that drove these changes is performed to synthesize what has been considered as core aspects of this disorder as a dimensional spectrum. Discusses the increasing number of diagnoses, emphasizing the points that the multidisciplinary research has identified as possible causes, and the knowledge about the development expectations for adulthood. Finally, it reviews the landscape of the main programs and intervention models for people with autism in health and education fields, to point out to the current challenges and those to be addressed in the future.
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