WORK ANALYSIS IN ORGANIZATIONS – DEFINITION, USES AND METHODS
Abstract
Work analysis is a process used to understand what the important tasks of the job are, how they are performed, and what human attributes are necessary to carry them out successfully. Work analysis is an attempt to develop a theory of human behavior about the job in question to support management decisions. This paper defines work analysis, discusses its main uses in organizations, and presents the objects of study and the methods of work analysis. This paper also discusses how work analysis is done, considering the following steps: types of data to be collected, data sources, data collecting methods, summary of the information and work analysis reports. This paper ends with the differentiation of work analysis and individual modeling skills and brings arguments to endorse work analysis as an intervention of work and organizational psychology.Downloads
References
Bennett, Jr. W., Alliger, G. M., Wilson, M. A., & Gibson, S. G. (2012). Concluding thoughts. Challenges and opportunities in work analysis. In M. A. Wilson, Jr. W. Bennett, S. G. Gibson & G. M. Alliger. The handbook of work analysis. Methods, systems, applications and science of work measurement in organizations (pp. 741-747). New York: Routledge.
Brannick, M. T., Levine, E. L., & Morgeson, F. P. (2007). Job and work analysis. Methods, research, and applications for human resource management. Los Angeles: Sage.
Cunningham, J. W. (1988). Occupational analysis inventory. In S. Gael (Ed.). The Job Analysis handbook for business, industry, and government (pp. 975-990). New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Dierdorff. E. C., & Morgeson, F. P. (2007). Consensus in work role requirements: The influence of discrete occupational context on role expectations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 1228-1241. DOI: 10.1037/0021-9010.92.5.1228.
Dierdorff, E. C., & Morgeson, F. P. (2009). Effects of descriptor specificity and observability on incumbent work analysis ratings. Personnel Psychology, 62, 601–628.
Gibson, S. G. (2012). Generalized work dimension analysis. In M. A. Wilson, Jr. W. Bennett, S. G. Gibson & G. M. Alliger. The handbook of work analysis. Methods, systems, applications and science of work measurement in organizations (pp. 215-230). New York: Routledge.
Guder, E. J. (2012). Identifying appropriate sources of work information. In M. A. Wilson, Jr. W. Bennett, S. G. Gibson & G. M. Alliger. The handbook of work analysis. Methods, systems, applications and science of work measurement in organizations (pp. 31-40). New York, NY: Routledge.
Gutman, A., & Dunleavy, E. M. (2012). Documenting work analysis projects. In M. A. Wilson, Jr. W. Bennett, S. G. Gibson & G. M. Alliger. The handbook of work analysis. Methods, systems, applications and science of work measurement in organizations (pp. 139-167). New York: Routledge.
Harman, R. P. (2012). Context analysis. In M. A. Wilson, Jr. W. Bennett, S. G. Gibson & G. M. Alliger. The handbook of work analysis. Methods, systems, applications and science of work measurement in organization (pp. 303-320). New York: Routledge.
Harvey, R. J., & Wilson, M. A. (2000). Yes Virginia, there is an objective reality in job analysis. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21, 829-854. DOI: 10.1002/1099-1379(200011)21:7<829::AID-JOB30>3.0.CO;2-4
Landy, F. J., & Conte, J. M. (2010). Work in the 21st century. An introduction to industrial and organizational psychology, 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley.
Maciel, R. H., Gonçalves, R. C., Matos, R. G. R. M., Fontenelle, M. F., & Santos, J. B. F. (2015). Análise do trabalho portuário: Transformações decorrentes da modernização dos portos. Revista Psicologia: Organizações e Trabalho, 15(3), 309-321. DOI: 10.17652/rpot/2015.3.605
Morgeson, F. P., & Dierdorff, E. C. (2011). Work analysis: From technique to theory. In S. Zedeck (Ed.). APA handbook of industrial and organizational psychology. Washington, DC: APA.
Morgenson, F. P., Delaney-Klinger, K., Mayfield, M. S., Ferrara, P., & Campion, M. A. (2004). Self-Presentation Processes in Job Analysis: A Field Experiment Investigating Inflation in Abilities, Tasks, and Competencies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(4), p. 674–686. DOI: 10.1037/0021-9010.89.4.674
Mowday, R. T., & Sutton, R. I. (1993). Organizational behavior: linking individuals and groups to organizational contexts. Annual Review of Psychology, 44, 195-229. DOI: 10.1037/0021-9010.79.4.475
Murphy, K. (2010). Individual differences that influence performance and effectiveness: what should we access? In J. C. Scott & D. H. Reynolds. Handbook of workplace assessment (pp. 3-26). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Peterson, N. G., & Jeanneret, P. R. (2007). Job analysis: overview and description of deductive methods. In D. L. Whetzel & G. R. Wheaton (Eds.). Applied measurement: industrial psychology in human resources management (pp. 13-56). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence-Erlbaum Associates.
Pontes, B. R. (2004). Administração de Cargos e Salários. 10 ed. São Paulo: LTr.
Powell, T., Woodhouse, M., & Guenole, N. (2012). Selling Work Analysis. In M. A. Wilson, Jr. W. Bennett, S. G. Gibson & G. M. Alliger. The handbook of work analysis. Methods, systems, applications and science of work measurement in organizations (pp. 23-29). New York: Routledge.
Prien, E. P., Goodstein, L. D., Goodstein, J., & Gamble Jr. (2009). A practical guide to job analysis. San Francisco: John Wiley & Sons.
Sackett, P. R., & Laczo, R. M. (2003). Job and Work analysis. In W. C. Borman, D. R. Ilgen & R. J. Klimoski (Eds.). Comprehensive handbook of psychology: Industrial and organizational psychology (pp. 48-87). New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Sanchez, J. I., & Levine, E. L. (2012). The Rise and Fall of Job Analysis and the Future of Work Analysis. Annual Review of Psychology, 63:397-425.
Schippmann, J. S. (2010). Competencies, job analysis, and the next generation of modeling. In J. C. Scott & D. H. Reynolds. Handbook of workplace assessment (pp. 197-231). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Spector, P. E. (2012). Psicologia nas organizações. 4 ed. São Paulo: Saraiva.
Van de Voort, D. M,. & Whelan, T. J. (2012). Work analysis questionnaires and App interviews. In M. A. Wilson, Jr. W. Bennett, S. G. Gibson & G. M. Alliger. The handbook of work analysis. Methods, systems, applications and science of work measurement in organizations (pp. 41-80). New York: Routledge.
Wilson, M. A., & Dierdorff, E. C. (2012). Work analysis methods. In M. A. Wilson, Jr. W. Bennett, S. G. Gibson & G. M. Alliger. The handbook of work analysis. Methods, systems, applications and science of work measurement in organizations (pp. 1-2). New York: Routledge.
Wilson, M. A. (2012). Methodological decisions in work analysis. A theory of effective work analysis in organizations. In M. A. Wilson, Jr. W. Bennett, S. G. Gibson & G. M. Alliger. The handbook of work analysis. Methods, systems, applications and science of work measurement in organizations (pp. 3-21). New York: Routledge.
Wilson, Jr., M. A., Bennett Jr., Gibson, S. G., & Alliger, G M. (2012). The handbook of work analysis. Methods, systems, applications and science of work measurement in organizations. New York: Routledge.
As opiniões emitidas, são de exclusiva responsabilidade do(s) autor(es). Ao submeterem o manuscrito ao Conselho Editorial de Psicologia em Estudo, o(s) autor(es) assume(m) a responsabilidade de não ter previamente publicado ou submetido o mesmo manuscrito por outro periódico. Em caso de autoria múltipla, o manuscrito deve vir acompanhado de autorização assinada por todos os autores. Artigos aceitos para publicação passam a ser propriedade da revista, podendo ser remixados e reaproveitados conforme prevê a licença Creative Commons CC-BY.
The opinions expressed are the sole responsibility of the author (s). When submitting the manuscript to the Editorial Board of Study Psychology, the author (s) assumes responsibility for not having previously published or submitted the same manuscript by another journal. In case of multiple authorship, the manuscript must be accompanied by an authorization signed by all authors. Articles accepted for publication become the property of the journal, and can be remixed and reused as provided for in theby a license Creative Commons CC-BY.
