RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Abstract
The objective of this study was to survey the risk factors for Postpartum Depression by reviewing the scientific literature of the last 10 years in the databases Scielo, Lilacs and Pubmed using the descriptors “postpartum depression” and “risk factors”. We selected 48 articles and found 25 factors, which were classified into three categories: related to physical, psychological and educational background of the woman, the current environment and the conditions of pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium. The most mentioned factors were: “history of depression and/or other psychiatric disorders”, “lack of social and/or family support” and “depression, anxiety and/or negative affects in pregnancy”. Among the categories, the factors related to the conditions of gestation, delivery and puerperium were the most cited. The results pointed out that conditions that may favor the development of the disorder are multifactorial and that intrapsychic aspects are associated with environmental factors in women’s exposure to the risk of developing the clinical condition. Some risk factors revealed that the disorder reaches primarily the less privileged social groups, pointing to the importance of prophylactic measures directed at these groups.
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