Permanency and mutation of the French secondary school: from the First Empire to the beginning of XXI century

Abstract

The creation of the lycée by Bonaparte, in 1802, is the result of a political choice,  that inaugurates the public State secondary education. The lycée is a master part and the schoolar model system in charge of forming the future board and of contributing for the government of the minds. But if the Napoleonic influence marked, for a long period, the organization of the lycée, it did not shape it, in deed, of exclusive form. This article study the discovery of its claims, partialy or totaly, in the course of the studies great chapters of its history: a continuous creation (1802 –years 1870), the substitution for the modern lycée of the Napoleonic model (1880 – reform of 1902), the premises of the democratization (1925 and 1945) until the emergency of the masslycées (after years 1960).