<b>A hundred years of kindergarten in Russia

Abstract

This development intend to discuss the history of Kindergartens in Russia, where the first experiences date from the second half of the nineteenth century, more directly, in the year 1859 we can find the first record of an institution devoted to childhood. Guided by the model of Froebel were, initially, focused on training children belonging to noble families with an education based on the principles of rational theory. Another goal of the Kindergartens was to assist children promoting their development and integral education.  With the October of 1917 Revolution,  the State took over the education of children from birth, implementing the concept of a free and public preschool education. Elaborations of the Russian intellectuals, like Krupskaya, Vygotsky, among others, contributed decisively to establish an educational system focused on the child. From the year 1990, according to the new economic and political reality of Russia, were organized different kinds of  preschool institutions, expanded the number of institutions where children stay for long periods, 12 to 24 hours, to which attention is directed to the children with normal development and to the children with limited possibilities of health. The Kindergartens enable the cognitive development  of speech, aesthetic and artistic, social relations, as well as physical development, among other aspects.