Jiu-jitsu-specific performance test induces neuromuscular fatigue in experienced fighters

Abstract

Jiu-Jitsu combat predominantly relies on aerobic metabolism, especially during recovery periods within and between matches, along with a significant contribution from the glycolytic pathway for the execution of techniques, making it the key energy system for achieving victory in combat. Given these physiology specifics, tools have been investigated for the specific performance evaluation in this sport, among which is the Jiu-Jitsu anaerobic performance test (JJAPT). This test is capable of simulating combat in physiological and motor terms; however, it remains unclear whether it can induce acute fatigue. An important tool for identifying neuromuscular fatigue is the countermovement jump (CMJ). Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess whether the JJAPT induce acute fatigue on lower limbs, and if is there a progressive decrease in JJAPT number of repetitions during the test itself. Sixteen Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu fighter’s graduates (34.0 ± 7.0 years, 91.5 ± 12.4 kg, 1.75.2 ± 2.5 cm) performed the CMJ test before and after the JJAPT. The height of the CMJ was greater (p < 0.05) pre-test (28.3 ± 4.7 cm) compared to post-test (24.0 ± 3.8 cm), with a moderate effect size (ES) of 1.0. Furthermore, there was a decline in performance (number of repetitions) during the last three series of the JJAPT. The JJAPT effectively induces acute neuromuscular fatigue in lower limbs, as evidenced by the decline in CMJ performance among experienced fighters. Our findings demonstrate a progressive decrease in JJAPT number of repetitions during the test, highlighting the high-intensity demands it imposes and supported by physiological variables, indicating significant test-induced fatigue.