School writings under the political governments of Vargas and Mussolini: towards a fascistization of childhood
Abstract
This text discusses schools under the Vargas government in
Brazil, and under Mussolini in Italy. It is based on documental
sources related to school writings and childhood: school exercise
books, books, school newspapers, minutes, photographs, flyers,
legislation and objects from material culture. It argues about
possibilities of fascistization through the curriculum and
propaganda. It highlights the use of school materials as ideological
devices of totalitarian governments. The relationships between
school writings and Brazilian and Italian totalitarian contexts
showed the power of indoctrination of schools. Possibilities of
fascistization in both countries were outlined, through either
similar or sometimes contrasting elements, supporting the problem
and its conceptualization.
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