School radio and cinema as factors in pedagogical innovation at the schools in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil (1928-1930)

Abstract

Current paper focuses on the school radio and cinema as elements of pedagogical innovation and cultural integration with regard to progressive education in the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo (1928-1930). The non-materiality of the pedagogical use of the radio is detected. Although widely announced, it never reached the schools. Further, the materiality of school cinematographic experiences, evoking innovation and cultural integration, somehow reached teachers’ training, pedagogical work and relations established with the community. The two factors evoke strategies practiced in the public instruction reform in Espírito Santo within the relationship of forces that tensioned the political, social, economic and cultural scene in the 1920s.