La elección por la docencia como carrera posible: el papel del origen social y el género en la permanencia de los profesores de ciencias
Resumen
Varios países tienen dificultades para atraer y retener docentes calificados, especialmente en la enseñanza de las ciencias, ya que ellos se están alejando de esta carrera debido a los bajos salarios y otras oportunidades profesionales. En este escenario, es fundamental comprender qué influye en los docentes para elegir y permanecer en la carrera docente. En este estudio investigamos qué influye en la elección de una carrera docente y la permanencia en ella. Con base en la literatura del área, enumeramos cinco elementos motivacionales que inciden en la selección docente: amor, cuidado, capacidad, vocación y profesión. Utilizando la teoría de Bourdieu, interpretamos este proceso destacando el papel del origen social y el género. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a cuatro profesores brasileños y se elaboraron sus retratos sociológicos. Los resultados demuestran que la elección por la docencia no es libre ni deliberada, sino que está condicionada por los distintos elementos mencionados anteriormente, intrínsecamente relacionados con la trayectoria del docente. Dadas las condiciones socioeconómicas y de género para la elección de una profesión, las posibilidades laborales reales y potenciales, las expectativas profesionales y personales, la docencia se ha convertido en la mejor opción profesional, el sueño posible. Además de explorar un análisis sociológico relacional de los elementos que llevan a los docentes a elegir y permanecer en la profesión y mostrar cómo el contexto decadente de la profesión incide en las acciones docentes, las implicaciones de este estudio refuerzan la necesidad de hacer más atractiva la carrera a sujetos de diferentes géneros y estratos sociales.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Grant numbers 001
