Avaliação do papel do professor na implementação de abordagens multiculturais e centradas na pessoa no processo educacional das instituições de ensino superior do Quirguistão
Resumo
No contexto do aumento da diversidade cultural e da crescente demanda por uma educação superior inclusiva, a implementação de abordagens multiculturais e centradas na pessoa tornou-se cada vez mais relevante para as universidades. O objetivo deste estudo foi examinar os principais mecanismos relacionados à implementação de abordagens multiculturais e centradas na pessoa no ensino superior. O estudo busca responder à seguinte questão de pesquisa: quais papéis e práticas dos docentes universitários contribuem para a integração efetiva das abordagens multicultural e centrada na pessoa no processo educacional? Por meio da análise da experiência pedagógica, de práticas educacionais e de documentos normativos e metodológicos, foram investigadas as práticas de desenvolvimento multicultural e centrado na pessoa, utilizando a experiência do Quirguistão como exemplo. Foi aplicada uma abordagem qualitativa de análise para identificar os principais papéis pedagógicos e suas características funcionais. Os resultados do estudo identificaram cinco papéis-chave do professor no processo educativo: facilitador, conselheiro, moderador, tutor e formador. No âmbito da abordagem multicultural, esses papéis são concretizados por meio da integração de tradições nacionais, atividades multilíngues e práticas colaborativas, enquanto, na abordagem centrada na pessoa, contribuem para o desenvolvimento da criatividade, iniciativa, comunicação e competências práticas dos estudantes. O estudo conclui que a combinação das abordagens multicultural e centrada na pessoa aumenta o engajamento dos estudantes, favorece o desenvolvimento de competências transversais e fortalece o papel pedagógico dos docentes no ensino superior. Os educadores universitários podem utilizar os resultados para desenvolver ferramentas pedagógicas inovadoras, estratégias de ensino e programas de desenvolvimento profissional.
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